Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577190
Author: Kenneth L. Williamson, Katherine M. Masters
Publisher: Brooks Cole
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 6, Problem 4Q
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The molecular weight of the unknown compound is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Steam distillation is used to extract and purify the temperature-sensitive compounds. Steam distillation is generally used for organic compounds that are sensitive to temperature. The advantage of steam distillation is that the temperature-sensitive compounds can be boiled and extracted at a lower temperature without decomposition.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
A mixture of these four liquids are separated using a fractional distillation: toluene, boiling point = 111 oC; acetone, boiling point = 56 oC; benzene, boiling point = 80 oC;and methanol, boiling point = 65 oC. Which liquid will distill off first?
Toluene
Benzene
Methanol
Acetone
Explain the importance of using a thermometer in the simple distillation setup.
Enumerate the characteristics of a substance for it to be separated from the heterogeneous mixture by steam distillation.
How does steam facilitate the distillation of essential oils?
Discuss some applications of simple distillation and steam distillation. Explain why you can use each method for the chosen application.
What is the most dominant intermolecular forces of attraction that exist between:
a. water and limonene, the major monoterpene component of lemon essential oil?
b. water and constituent ions of sodium chloride?
6. Based on your answers in number 5, which pair (water-limonene or water-sodium chloride) exhibits a stronger attraction between their molecules/ions?
7. Describe what happens during the salting-out process in terms of the intermolecular forces of attraction involved as mentioned in your previous answers.
pose 5.056 grams of an unknown solute are dissolved in 50.0
ams of phenol (C6H50H). The resulting solution boils at 185.0 °C.
hat is the molecular weight of the unknown solute? The boiling
int of pure phenol is 182 °C, and its boiling point constant Kb=
56 °C/molal.
Chapter 6 Solutions
Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments
Ch. 6 - Assign the peaks in the 1H NMR spectrum of eugenol...Ch. 6 - A mixture of ethyl iodide (C2H5I,bp72.3C) and...Ch. 6 - Prob. 3QCh. 6 - Prob. 4QCh. 6 - Prob. 5QCh. 6 - A mixture of toluene (bp110.8C) and water is steam...Ch. 6 - Did sublimation aid in the purification of the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 8QCh. 6 - Prob. 9QCh. 6 - Prob. 10Q
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Predict the relative solubility of each compound in the two solvents, on the basis of intermolecular attractions. (a) Is NaCl more soluble in water or in carbon tetrachloride? (b) Is I2 more soluble in water or in toluene (C6H5CH3)? (c) Is ethanol (C2H5OH) more soluble in hexane or in water? (d) Is ethylene glycol (HOCH2CH2OH) more soluble in ethanol or in benzene (C6H6)?arrow_forwardTwo samples of sodium chloride solutions are brought to a boil on a stove. One of the solutions boils at 100.10C and the other at 100.15C. a Which of the solutions is more concentrated? b Which of the solutions would have a lower freezing point? c If you split the solution that boils at 100.1C into two portions, how would the boiling points of the samples compare? Which of the following statements do you agree with regarding the determination of your answer for part c? I. The question cannot be answered with certainty without knowing the volumes of each portion. II. Making the necessary assumption that the two samples have equal volumes, I was able to correctly answer the question. III. The volumes that the sample was split into are irrelevant when determining the correct answer.arrow_forwardCaffeine is made up of 49.5% C, 5.2% H, 16.5% O, and 28.9% N. A solution made up of 8.25 g of caffeine and 100.0 mL of benzene (d=0.877g/mL) freezes at 3.03C. Pure benzene (k f =5.10C/m) freezes at 5.500C. What are the simplest and molecular formulas for caffeine?arrow_forward
- Consider this information regarding two compounds. Thallium azide: yellow crystalline solid; melting point = 330 C; slightly soluble in water, more soluble in hot water; insoluble in ethanol or diethyl ether. Camphene: colorless, cubic crystals; melting point = 51 C; boiling point = 159 C; insoluble in water; moderately soluble in ethanol; soluble in diethyl ether. (a) Is camphene an ionic or molecular compound? Explain your answer. (b) Is thallium azide an ionic or molecular compound? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardWhat gas law is applicable to the fractional distillation of ethanol-water mixture?arrow_forwardA certain amount of the Butylated hydroxvanisole (BHA) was dissolved in 21.0 g of trichloromethane (CHCI3). This solution boiled at 62.20°C. If the boiling point of pure trichloromethane is 61.70°C, what mass of BHA was added to the solution? 180.24 grams BHA BHA molar mass = 1 mole BHA 119.37 grams CHCI3 1 mole CHCI3 CHCI, molar mass = 3.63 °C Kp (CHCI3)arrow_forward
- 7arrow_forwardDichloromethane has a density of 1.33 g/ml, its solubility in water is 2 g/100 ml at 20 °C. Which of the following statements is correct concerning a mixture of 2 ml of dichloromethane and 9 ml of water? A) The mixture forms two layers - the dichlormethane layer is above the water layer. B) The mixture forms two layer - the dichlormethane layer is below the water layer. C) The mixture is homogenous - forms a single layer. D) None of the above is correct. O A C.arrow_forwardWhat specifically occurs when a liquid mixture is distilled? 1) Components of a solid mixture are separated by differences in boiling points 2) Components of a solid mixture are separated by differences in melting points 3) Components of a liquid mixture are separated by differences in boiling points 4) Components of a liquid mixture are separated by differences in melting pointsarrow_forward
- 1 A certain liquid X has a normal boiling point of 114.40 °C and a boiling point elevation constant K, = 0.60 °C·kg•mol. A solution is prepared by dissolving some benzamide (C,H,NO) in 900. g of X. This solution boils at 115.1 °C. Calculate the mass of C,H,NO that was dissolved. Be sure your answer is rounded to the correct number of significiant digits. Ox10arrow_forwardWhen a solution of 1.00 g of ‘X’ in 100 ml of water was shaken with 10 ml of diethyl ether, 0.60 g of X was transferred to the solvent (ether) layer. When another solution of 0.5 g of ‘X’ in 100 ml of water was shaken with 5 ml of petroleum ether, 0.3 g of X was extracted by the solvent. Which of these ethers is a better solvent? Justify your answer using calculations.arrow_forward10 g of glucose dissolved in 400 g of ethanol, raise the boiling point by 0.148ºC; 2 g of an unknown substance dissolved in 100 g of ethanol raises the boiling point by 0.1251ºC. What is the molecular weight of the unknown substance?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079373
Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399074
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133949640
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580343
Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Chemistry
ISBN:9780534420123
Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher:Cengage Learning