Chapter 6, Problem 31PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The sequence of arrow pushing pattern should be identified for the given mechanism.

Concept introduction:

Electrophile: Electrophiles are neutral or positively charged species having empty orbitals, that are attract by the electron rich centre.

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution reaction: a reaction in which the hydrogen atom in the aromatic ring is replaced by the elecrtophiles by electrophilic attack on the aromatic ring. Nitration reaction is one of the substitution reactions.

Nitration: The formation of nitro group in a chemical reaction and it undergoes substitution reaction in organic synthesis. Nitronium ion $\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{+}}\right)$ is forming by the reaction of mixture of nitric acid and sulphuric acid, Nitronium ion $\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{+}}\right)$ is also called as nitryl cation, which is stronger electrophile.