Bond-dissociation energy should be identified for the red line bond in the given structure. Concept introduction: Bond-dissociation energy ( BDE ) is determined from the strength of a single chemical bond . Bond-dissociation energy is mainly depends on the hybridization of the carbon atom and substitution on the carbon atom It is also determined by the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule to which carbon atom bonded with. Sigma bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to end to end overlap of atomic orbitals. Pi bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to side to side overlap of atomic orbitals Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself. Polarization: A partial charge separation between the carbon and an other heteroatom due to its electronegativity difference.

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Answer 1

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Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 6, Problem 19PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond-dissociation energy should be identified for the red line bond in the given structure.

Concept introduction:

Bond-dissociation energy (BDE) is determined from the strength of a single chemical bond.

Bond-dissociation energy is mainly depends on the hybridization of the carbon atom and substitution on the carbon atom

It is also determined by the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule to which carbon atom bonded with.

Sigma bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to end to end overlap of atomic orbitals.

Pi bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to side to side overlap of atomic orbitals

Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.

Polarization: A partial charge separation between the carbon and an other heteroatom due to its electronegativity difference.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 19PP

Answer

The bond dissociation energy of the bonds in red line of the molecule (a) is given below

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 1

Carbon - carbon triple bond has more dissociation energy

Carbon - carbon triple bond has more dissociation energy than the carbon – carbon double bond and Carbon – carbon double bond more dissociation than the carbon – carbon single bond.

Explanation of Solution

To find: Bond-dissociation energy of the given compounds.

Draw the given molecule and analyze the nature of C-C bonds present in it.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 2

The given molecule is drawn and it has three types of C-C bonds. They are C- C,C=C and C≡C .

Carbon – Carbon Single bond has less dissociation energy than carbon – carbon double bond and triple bond. Carbon – carbon triple bond (sp hybridization) has more dissociation energy because it consists of three bonds (two pi bonds and one sigma bond) so it requires more energy to break the bonds than the other carbon- carbon double bonds (one pi bonds and one sigma bond) and carbon – carbon single bond (only one sigma bond).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond-dissociation energy should be identified for the red line bond in the given structure.

Concept introduction:

Bond-dissociation energy (BDE) is determined from the strength of a single chemical bond.

Bond-dissociation energy is mainly depends on the hybridization of the carbon atom and substitution on the carbon atom

It is also determined by the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule to which carbon atom bonded with.

Sigma bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to end to end overlap of atomic orbitals.

Pi bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to side to side overlap of atomic orbitals

Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.

Polarization: A partial charge separation between the carbon and an other heteroatom due to its electronegativity difference.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 19PP

Answer

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 3

C-F bond has more dissociation energy

Explanation of Solution

To find: Bond-dissociation energy of the given compounds.

Draw the given molecule and analyze the nature of C-C bonds present in it.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 4

The given molecule is drawn and it has four types of C-C bonds. They are C- F, C- Cl, C- Br and C- I .

Bond dissociation energy depends on the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule. If the molecule has high electronegativity (less polarizability) the dissociation energy of the molecule is high.

The electronegativity order in the halogen series given below

C-F > C-Cl > C-Br > C-I.

C-F has more Bond dissociation energy in the given molecule since it has more electronegativity than the other halogen atoms.

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Answer 2

Question

100%

Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 6, Problem 19PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond-dissociation energy should be identified for the red line bond in the given structure.

Concept introduction:

Bond-dissociation energy (BDE) is determined from the strength of a single chemical bond.

Bond-dissociation energy is mainly depends on the hybridization of the carbon atom and substitution on the carbon atom

It is also determined by the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule to which carbon atom bonded with.

Sigma bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to end to end overlap of atomic orbitals.

Pi bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to side to side overlap of atomic orbitals

Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.

Polarization: A partial charge separation between the carbon and an other heteroatom due to its electronegativity difference.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 19PP

Answer

The bond dissociation energy of the bonds in red line of the molecule (a) is given below

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 1

Carbon - carbon triple bond has more dissociation energy

Carbon - carbon triple bond has more dissociation energy than the carbon – carbon double bond and Carbon – carbon double bond more dissociation than the carbon – carbon single bond.

Explanation of Solution

To find: Bond-dissociation energy of the given compounds.

Draw the given molecule and analyze the nature of C-C bonds present in it.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 2

The given molecule is drawn and it has three types of C-C bonds. They are C- C,C=C and C≡C .

Carbon – Carbon Single bond has less dissociation energy than carbon – carbon double bond and triple bond. Carbon – carbon triple bond (sp hybridization) has more dissociation energy because it consists of three bonds (two pi bonds and one sigma bond) so it requires more energy to break the bonds than the other carbon- carbon double bonds (one pi bonds and one sigma bond) and carbon – carbon single bond (only one sigma bond).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond-dissociation energy should be identified for the red line bond in the given structure.

Concept introduction:

Bond-dissociation energy (BDE) is determined from the strength of a single chemical bond.

Bond-dissociation energy is mainly depends on the hybridization of the carbon atom and substitution on the carbon atom

It is also determined by the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule to which carbon atom bonded with.

Sigma bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to end to end overlap of atomic orbitals.

Pi bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to side to side overlap of atomic orbitals

Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.

Polarization: A partial charge separation between the carbon and an other heteroatom due to its electronegativity difference.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 19PP

Answer

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 3

C-F bond has more dissociation energy

Explanation of Solution

To find: Bond-dissociation energy of the given compounds.

Draw the given molecule and analyze the nature of C-C bonds present in it.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 4

The given molecule is drawn and it has four types of C-C bonds. They are C- F, C- Cl, C- Br and C- I .

Bond dissociation energy depends on the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule. If the molecule has high electronegativity (less polarizability) the dissociation energy of the molecule is high.

The electronegativity order in the halogen series given below

C-F > C-Cl > C-Br > C-I.

C-F has more Bond dissociation energy in the given molecule since it has more electronegativity than the other halogen atoms.

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Answer 3

Question

100%

Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 6, Problem 19PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond-dissociation energy should be identified for the red line bond in the given structure.

Concept introduction:

Bond-dissociation energy (BDE) is determined from the strength of a single chemical bond.

Bond-dissociation energy is mainly depends on the hybridization of the carbon atom and substitution on the carbon atom

It is also determined by the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule to which carbon atom bonded with.

Sigma bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to end to end overlap of atomic orbitals.

Pi bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to side to side overlap of atomic orbitals

Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.

Polarization: A partial charge separation between the carbon and an other heteroatom due to its electronegativity difference.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 19PP

Answer

The bond dissociation energy of the bonds in red line of the molecule (a) is given below

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 1

Carbon - carbon triple bond has more dissociation energy

Carbon - carbon triple bond has more dissociation energy than the carbon – carbon double bond and Carbon – carbon double bond more dissociation than the carbon – carbon single bond.

Explanation of Solution

To find: Bond-dissociation energy of the given compounds.

Draw the given molecule and analyze the nature of C-C bonds present in it.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 2

The given molecule is drawn and it has three types of C-C bonds. They are C- C,C=C and C≡C .

Carbon – Carbon Single bond has less dissociation energy than carbon – carbon double bond and triple bond. Carbon – carbon triple bond (sp hybridization) has more dissociation energy because it consists of three bonds (two pi bonds and one sigma bond) so it requires more energy to break the bonds than the other carbon- carbon double bonds (one pi bonds and one sigma bond) and carbon – carbon single bond (only one sigma bond).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond-dissociation energy should be identified for the red line bond in the given structure.

Concept introduction:

Bond-dissociation energy (BDE) is determined from the strength of a single chemical bond.

Bond-dissociation energy is mainly depends on the hybridization of the carbon atom and substitution on the carbon atom

It is also determined by the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule to which carbon atom bonded with.

Sigma bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to end to end overlap of atomic orbitals.

Pi bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to side to side overlap of atomic orbitals

Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.

Polarization: A partial charge separation between the carbon and an other heteroatom due to its electronegativity difference.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 19PP

Answer

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 3

C-F bond has more dissociation energy

Explanation of Solution

To find: Bond-dissociation energy of the given compounds.

Draw the given molecule and analyze the nature of C-C bonds present in it.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 4

The given molecule is drawn and it has four types of C-C bonds. They are C- F, C- Cl, C- Br and C- I .

Bond dissociation energy depends on the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule. If the molecule has high electronegativity (less polarizability) the dissociation energy of the molecule is high.

The electronegativity order in the halogen series given below

C-F > C-Cl > C-Br > C-I.

C-F has more Bond dissociation energy in the given molecule since it has more electronegativity than the other halogen atoms.

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Answer 4

Question

100%

Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 6, Problem 19PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond-dissociation energy should be identified for the red line bond in the given structure.

Concept introduction:

Bond-dissociation energy (BDE) is determined from the strength of a single chemical bond.

Bond-dissociation energy is mainly depends on the hybridization of the carbon atom and substitution on the carbon atom

It is also determined by the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule to which carbon atom bonded with.

Sigma bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to end to end overlap of atomic orbitals.

Pi bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to side to side overlap of atomic orbitals

Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.

Polarization: A partial charge separation between the carbon and an other heteroatom due to its electronegativity difference.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 19PP

Answer

The bond dissociation energy of the bonds in red line of the molecule (a) is given below

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 1

Carbon - carbon triple bond has more dissociation energy

Carbon - carbon triple bond has more dissociation energy than the carbon – carbon double bond and Carbon – carbon double bond more dissociation than the carbon – carbon single bond.

Explanation of Solution

To find: Bond-dissociation energy of the given compounds.

Draw the given molecule and analyze the nature of C-C bonds present in it.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 2

The given molecule is drawn and it has three types of C-C bonds. They are C- C,C=C and C≡C .

Carbon – Carbon Single bond has less dissociation energy than carbon – carbon double bond and triple bond. Carbon – carbon triple bond (sp hybridization) has more dissociation energy because it consists of three bonds (two pi bonds and one sigma bond) so it requires more energy to break the bonds than the other carbon- carbon double bonds (one pi bonds and one sigma bond) and carbon – carbon single bond (only one sigma bond).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond-dissociation energy should be identified for the red line bond in the given structure.

Concept introduction:

Bond-dissociation energy (BDE) is determined from the strength of a single chemical bond.

Bond-dissociation energy is mainly depends on the hybridization of the carbon atom and substitution on the carbon atom

It is also determined by the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule to which carbon atom bonded with.

Sigma bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to end to end overlap of atomic orbitals.

Pi bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to side to side overlap of atomic orbitals

Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.

Polarization: A partial charge separation between the carbon and an other heteroatom due to its electronegativity difference.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 19PP

Answer

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 3

C-F bond has more dissociation energy

Explanation of Solution

To find: Bond-dissociation energy of the given compounds.

Draw the given molecule and analyze the nature of C-C bonds present in it.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 4

The given molecule is drawn and it has four types of C-C bonds. They are C- F, C- Cl, C- Br and C- I .

Bond dissociation energy depends on the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule. If the molecule has high electronegativity (less polarizability) the dissociation energy of the molecule is high.

The electronegativity order in the halogen series given below

C-F > C-Cl > C-Br > C-I.

C-F has more Bond dissociation energy in the given molecule since it has more electronegativity than the other halogen atoms.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Question

100%

Answer 6

Question

100%

Answer 7

Chapter 6, Problem 19PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond-dissociation energy should be identified for the red line bond in the given structure.

Concept introduction:

Bond-dissociation energy (BDE) is determined from the strength of a single chemical bond.

Bond-dissociation energy is mainly depends on the hybridization of the carbon atom and substitution on the carbon atom

It is also determined by the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule to which carbon atom bonded with.

Sigma bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to end to end overlap of atomic orbitals.

Pi bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to side to side overlap of atomic orbitals

Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.

Polarization: A partial charge separation between the carbon and an other heteroatom due to its electronegativity difference.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 19PP

Answer

The bond dissociation energy of the bonds in red line of the molecule (a) is given below

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 1

Carbon - carbon triple bond has more dissociation energy

Carbon - carbon triple bond has more dissociation energy than the carbon – carbon double bond and Carbon – carbon double bond more dissociation than the carbon – carbon single bond.

Explanation of Solution

To find: Bond-dissociation energy of the given compounds.

Draw the given molecule and analyze the nature of C-C bonds present in it.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 2

The given molecule is drawn and it has three types of C-C bonds. They are C- C,C=C and C≡C .

Carbon – Carbon Single bond has less dissociation energy than carbon – carbon double bond and triple bond. Carbon – carbon triple bond (sp hybridization) has more dissociation energy because it consists of three bonds (two pi bonds and one sigma bond) so it requires more energy to break the bonds than the other carbon- carbon double bonds (one pi bonds and one sigma bond) and carbon – carbon single bond (only one sigma bond).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond-dissociation energy should be identified for the red line bond in the given structure.

Concept introduction:

Bond-dissociation energy (BDE) is determined from the strength of a single chemical bond.

Bond-dissociation energy is mainly depends on the hybridization of the carbon atom and substitution on the carbon atom

It is also determined by the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule to which carbon atom bonded with.

Sigma bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to end to end overlap of atomic orbitals.

Pi bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to side to side overlap of atomic orbitals

Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.

Polarization: A partial charge separation between the carbon and an other heteroatom due to its electronegativity difference.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 19PP

Answer

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 3

C-F bond has more dissociation energy

Explanation of Solution

To find: Bond-dissociation energy of the given compounds.

Draw the given molecule and analyze the nature of C-C bonds present in it.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 4

The given molecule is drawn and it has four types of C-C bonds. They are C- F, C- Cl, C- Br and C- I .

Bond dissociation energy depends on the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule. If the molecule has high electronegativity (less polarizability) the dissociation energy of the molecule is high.

The electronegativity order in the halogen series given below

C-F > C-Cl > C-Br > C-I.

C-F has more Bond dissociation energy in the given molecule since it has more electronegativity than the other halogen atoms.

Answer 8

Chapter 6, Problem 19PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond-dissociation energy should be identified for the red line bond in the given structure.

Concept introduction:

Bond-dissociation energy (BDE) is determined from the strength of a single chemical bond.

Bond-dissociation energy is mainly depends on the hybridization of the carbon atom and substitution on the carbon atom

It is also determined by the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule to which carbon atom bonded with.

Sigma bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to end to end overlap of atomic orbitals.

Pi bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to side to side overlap of atomic orbitals

Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.

Polarization: A partial charge separation between the carbon and an other heteroatom due to its electronegativity difference.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 19PP

Answer

The bond dissociation energy of the bonds in red line of the molecule (a) is given below

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 1

Carbon - carbon triple bond has more dissociation energy

Carbon - carbon triple bond has more dissociation energy than the carbon – carbon double bond and Carbon – carbon double bond more dissociation than the carbon – carbon single bond.

Explanation of Solution

To find: Bond-dissociation energy of the given compounds.

Draw the given molecule and analyze the nature of C-C bonds present in it.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 2

The given molecule is drawn and it has three types of C-C bonds. They are C- C,C=C and C≡C .

Carbon – Carbon Single bond has less dissociation energy than carbon – carbon double bond and triple bond. Carbon – carbon triple bond (sp hybridization) has more dissociation energy because it consists of three bonds (two pi bonds and one sigma bond) so it requires more energy to break the bonds than the other carbon- carbon double bonds (one pi bonds and one sigma bond) and carbon – carbon single bond (only one sigma bond).

Answer 9

Chapter 6, Problem 19PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond-dissociation energy should be identified for the red line bond in the given structure.

Concept introduction:

Bond-dissociation energy (BDE) is determined from the strength of a single chemical bond.

Bond-dissociation energy is mainly depends on the hybridization of the carbon atom and substitution on the carbon atom

It is also determined by the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule to which carbon atom bonded with.

Sigma bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to end to end overlap of atomic orbitals.

Pi bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to side to side overlap of atomic orbitals

Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.

Polarization: A partial charge separation between the carbon and an other heteroatom due to its electronegativity difference.

Answer 10

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 19PP

Answer

The bond dissociation energy of the bonds in red line of the molecule (a) is given below

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 1

Carbon - carbon triple bond has more dissociation energy

Carbon - carbon triple bond has more dissociation energy than the carbon – carbon double bond and Carbon – carbon double bond more dissociation than the carbon – carbon single bond.

Answer 11

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer 12

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer 13

Expert Solution

Answer 14

Explanation of Solution

To find: Bond-dissociation energy of the given compounds.

Draw the given molecule and analyze the nature of C-C bonds present in it.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 2

The given molecule is drawn and it has three types of C-C bonds. They are C- C,C=C and C≡C .

Carbon – Carbon Single bond has less dissociation energy than carbon – carbon double bond and triple bond. Carbon – carbon triple bond (sp hybridization) has more dissociation energy because it consists of three bonds (two pi bonds and one sigma bond) so it requires more energy to break the bonds than the other carbon- carbon double bonds (one pi bonds and one sigma bond) and carbon – carbon single bond (only one sigma bond).

Answer 15

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond-dissociation energy should be identified for the red line bond in the given structure.

Concept introduction:

Bond-dissociation energy (BDE) is determined from the strength of a single chemical bond.

Bond-dissociation energy is mainly depends on the hybridization of the carbon atom and substitution on the carbon atom

It is also determined by the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule to which carbon atom bonded with.

Sigma bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to end to end overlap of atomic orbitals.

Pi bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to side to side overlap of atomic orbitals

Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.

Polarization: A partial charge separation between the carbon and an other heteroatom due to its electronegativity difference.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 19PP

Answer

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 3

C-F bond has more dissociation energy

Explanation of Solution

To find: Bond-dissociation energy of the given compounds.

Draw the given molecule and analyze the nature of C-C bonds present in it.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 4

The given molecule is drawn and it has four types of C-C bonds. They are C- F, C- Cl, C- Br and C- I .

Bond dissociation energy depends on the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule. If the molecule has high electronegativity (less polarizability) the dissociation energy of the molecule is high.

The electronegativity order in the halogen series given below

C-F > C-Cl > C-Br > C-I.

C-F has more Bond dissociation energy in the given molecule since it has more electronegativity than the other halogen atoms.

Answer 16

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Bond-dissociation energy should be identified for the red line bond in the given structure.

Concept introduction:

Bond-dissociation energy (BDE) is determined from the strength of a single chemical bond.

Bond-dissociation energy is mainly depends on the hybridization of the carbon atom and substitution on the carbon atom

It is also determined by the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule to which carbon atom bonded with.

Sigma bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to end to end overlap of atomic orbitals.

Pi bond: A covalent bond formation is mainly due to side to side overlap of atomic orbitals

Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.

Polarization: A partial charge separation between the carbon and an other heteroatom due to its electronegativity difference.

Answer 17

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 19PP

Answer

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 3

C-F bond has more dissociation energy

Answer 18

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer 19

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer 20

Expert Solution

Answer 21

Explanation of Solution

To find: Bond-dissociation energy of the given compounds.

Draw the given molecule and analyze the nature of C-C bonds present in it.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-PRINT (LL)-W/WILEY, Chapter 6, Problem 19PP , additional homework tip 4

The given molecule is drawn and it has four types of C-C bonds. They are C- F, C- Cl, C- Br and C- I .

Bond dissociation energy depends on the electronegativity of the molecule and polarization of the molecule. If the molecule has high electronegativity (less polarizability) the dissociation energy of the molecule is high.

The electronegativity order in the halogen series given below

C-F > C-Cl > C-Br > C-I.

C-F has more Bond dissociation energy in the given molecule since it has more electronegativity than the other halogen atoms.