Problem 1PE Problem 2PE Problem 3PE: When monitoring a reaction, the initial temperature of the reaction is 25C, it rose to 67C , and... Problem 4PE: Practice Exercise 6.4
A hall bearing at is dropped into a cup containing 250.0 g of water at. The... Problem 5PE Problem 6PE: Silicon, used in computer chips, has a specific heat capacity of 0.705Jg-1C-1. If 549 J of heat is... Problem 7PE: Would the explosive reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to form water be exothermic or endothermic?... Problem 8PE: Practice Exercise 6.8
When ammonium nitrate is dissolved in water, the container holding the... Problem 9PE: An exothermic reaction is carried out at a constant volume and then repeated under constant... Problem 10PE: For an exothermic reaction that is conducted under conditions of constant pressure and expanded, and... Problem 11PE: Since it can be obtained in very high purity, benzoic acid is one of the classic materials used for... Problem 12PE: A 1.50 g sample of pure sucrose is burned in a bomb calorimeter that has a heat capacity of... Problem 13PE: For the Analyzing and Solving Multi-Concept Problems example we just solved, calculate H per mole of... Problem 14PE: Practice Exercise 6.14
The exact same procedure as described in the Analyzing and Solving... Problem 15PE: The combustion of methane can be represented by the following thermochemical equation:... Problem 16PE: Practice Exercise 6.16
What is the thermochemical equation for the formation of
Problem 17PE: Two oxides of copper can be made from copper by the following reactions.... Problem 18PE: Consider the following thermochemical equations:... Problem 19PE: Given the following thermochemical equations, 2NO(g)+O2(g)2NO2(g)H=113.2kJ... Problem 20PE: Ethanol, C2H5OH, is made industrially by the reaction of water with ethylene, C2H4. Calculate the... Problem 21PE: Practice Exercise 6.21
The heat of combustion, , of acetone, , is -1790.4 kJ/mol. How many... Problem 22PE: Practice Exercise 6.22
n-Octane, , has a standard heat of combustion of —5450.5 kJ/mol. A 15 gallon... Problem 23PE: Write the thermochemical equation that would be used to represent the standard heat of formation of... Problem 24PE: Write the thermochemical equation that would be used to represent the standard heat of formation of... Problem 25PE: Use heats of formation data from Table 6.2 to calculate H for the reaction... Problem 26PE: Write thermochemical equations corresponding to Hf for SO3(g) and SO2(g) and show how they can be... Problem 27PE: Calculate H for the following reactions: 2NO(g)+O2(g)2NO2(g) NaOH(s)+HCl(g)NaCl(s)+H2O(l) Problem 1RQ: Give definitions for (a) energy, (b) kinetic energy, and (c) potential energy. Problem 2RQ Problem 3RQ Problem 4RQ: 6.4 State the law of conservation of energy. Describe how it explains the motion of a child on a... Problem 5RQ: 6.5 A pendulum such as a swinging chandelier continuously converts kinetic energy to potential... Problem 6RQ Problem 7RQ: 6.7 What is meant by the term chemical energy?
Problem 8RQ: How does the potential energy change (increase, decrease, or no change) for each of the following?... Problem 9RQ: What is the SI unit of energy? How much energy (in joules and in calories) does a 75 kg object have... Problem 10RQ: 6.10 Why is hear considered a waste product in a car engine?
Problem 11RQ Problem 12RQ: 6.12 How is internal energy related to molecular kinetic and potential energy? How is a change in... Problem 13RQ: On a molecular level, how is thermal equilibrium achieved (a) when a hot object is placed in contact... Problem 14RQ: Consider the distribution of molecular kinetic energies shown in the following diagram for a gas at... Problem 15RQ: Suppose the temperature of an object is raised from 100Cto200C by heating it with a Bunsen burner.... Problem 16RQ: A quart of boiling water will cause a more severe burn if its spilled on you than will just a drop... Problem 17RQ Problem 18RQ: What is a state function? Give four examples that meet your definition. Problem 19RQ: How would you determine whether an experimental parameter is a state function? Problem 20RQ: 6.20 How can the state of a system be specified?
Problem 21RQ: 6.21 What do the terms system and surroundings mean? What is the difference between an isolated... Problem 22RQ: What are the names of the thermal properties whose values can have the following units?... Problem 23RQ: 6.23 For samples with the same mass, which kind of substance needs more energy to undergo an... Problem 24RQ: 6.24 How do heat capacity and specific hear differ?
Problem 25RQ Problem 26RQ: 6.26 Suppose object A has twice the specific heat and twice the mass of object B. If the same amount... Problem 27RQ: In a certain chemical reaction, there is a decrease in the potential energy (chemical energy) as the... Problem 28RQ: 6.28 What term do we use to describe a reaction that liberates heat to its surroundings? How does... Problem 29RQ: 6.29 What term is used to describe a reaction that absorbs heat from the surroundings? How does the... Problem 30RQ: 6.30 When gasoline burns, it reacts with oxygen in the air and forms hot gases consisting of carbon... Problem 31RQ: Write the equation that states the first law of thermodynamics. In your own words, what does this... Problem 32RQ: How are heat and work defined? Problem 33RQ: Devise an example, similar to the one described in Figure 6.8 to distinguish between heat and work... Problem 34RQ: 6.34 Why are heat and work not state functions?
Problem 35RQ: When we measure the heat of combustion of glucose, C6H12O6, in a bomb calorimeter, what products are... Problem 36RQ: Consider the reaction C12H22O11(s)+12O2(g)12CO2(g)+11H2O(l) Are the values of EandH expected to be... Problem 37RQ: How is enthalpy defined? Problem 38RQ: What is the sign of H for an endothermic change? Problem 39RQ: 6.39 If the enthalpy of a system increases by 100 kJ, what must he true about the enthalpy of the... Problem 40RQ: If a system containing gases expands and pushes back a piston against a constant opposing pressure,... Problem 41RQ: 6.41 Why do standard reference values for temperature and pressure have to be selected when we... Problem 42RQ: What distinguishes a thermochemical equation from an ordinary chemical equation? Problem 43RQ: Why are fractional coefficients permitted in a balanced thermochemical equation? If a formula in a... Problem 44RQ: 6.44 What fundamental fact about makes Hess’s law possible?
Problem 45RQ: 6.45 What two conditions must be met by a thermochemical equation so that its standard enthalpy... Problem 46RQ: Describe what must be done with the standard enthalpy of reaction if a reaction is reversed (i.e.,... Problem 47RQ: What two additional thermochemical equations are needed to determine the standard heat of formation... Problem 48RQ: Peptides, small parts of proteins, contain nitrogen and sulfur atoms in addition to carbon and... Problem 49RQ: If a car increases its speed from 30 mph to 60 mph, by what factor does the kinetic energy of the... Problem 50RQ: 6.50 If the mass of a truck is doubled—for example, when it is loaded—by what factor does the... Problem 51RQ: 6.51 What is the kinetic energy, in joules, of a mole of oxygen moving at a speed of (use the... Problem 52RQ: What is the kinetic energy, in joules, of a molecule of carbon tetrachloride moving at a speed of... Problem 53RQ: How much heat, in joules and in calories, must be removed from 1.75 mol of water to lower its... Problem 54RQ: 6.54 How much heat, in joules and calories, is needed to increase the temperature of 215 mL of water... Problem 55RQ: How many grams of water can be heated from 25.0Cto35.0C by the heat released from 85.0 g of iron... Problem 56RQ: 6.56 How many grams of copper can be cooled from by the heat gained by 100.0 g of water that has an... Problem 57RQ: A 50.0 g piece of a metal at 100.0C was plunged into 100.0 g of water at 24.0C. The temperature of... Problem 58RQ: 6.58 A sample of copper was heated to and then thrust into 200.0 g of water at . The temperature of... Problem 59RQ: 6.59 Calculate the molar heat capacity of iron in . Its specific heat is
Problem 60RQ: 6.60 What is the molar heat capacity of ethyl alcohol, , in units of -1if its specific heat is... Problem 61RQ: A vat of 4.54 kg of water underwent a decrease in temperature from 60.25Cto58.65C. How much energy... Problem 62RQ: A container filled with 2.46 kg of water underwent a temperature change from 25.24Cto27.31C. How... Problem 63RQ: 6.63 Nitric acid neutralizes potassium hydroxide. To determine the heat of reaction, a student... Problem 64RQ: In the reaction between formic acid (HCHO2) and sodium hydroxide, water and sodium formate (NaCHO2)... Problem 65RQ: 6.65 A 1.000 mol sample of propane, a gas used for cooking in many rural areas, was placed in a bomb... Problem 66RQ: Toluene, C7H8, is used in the manufacture of explosives such as TNT (trinitrotoluene). A 1.500 g... Problem 67RQ: If a system does 4$ J of work and receives 28 J of heat, what is the value of E for this change? Problem 68RQ: If a system has 48 J of work done on it and absorbs 22 J of heat, what is the value of E for this... Problem 69RQ: An automobile engine converts heat into work via a cycle. The cycle must finish exactly where it... Problem 70RQ: Chargers for cell phones get warm while they are being used. Some of the energy that they are using... Problem 71RQ: If the engine in Problem 6.69 absorbs 250 joules of heat per cycle, how much work can it do per... Problem 72RQ: If a battery can release 535 J of energy and 455 J are used for work, how much energy is released as... Problem 73RQ: Ammonia reacts with oxygen as follows: 4NH3(g)+7O2(g)4NO2(g)+6H2O(g)H=-1132kJ (a) Calculate the... Problem 74RQ: One thermochemical equation for the reaction of carbon monoxide with oxygen is... Problem 75RQ: Magnesium bums in air to produce a bright light and is often used in fireworks displays. The... Problem 76RQ: Methanol is the fuel in canned heat containers (e.g., Sterno) that are used to heat foods at... Problem 77RQ: Methane burns with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water as a gas. The balanced thermochemical... Problem 78RQ: Methanol, as described in Problem 6.76, is used to heat food. The combustion of methanol can he... Problem 79RQ: *6.79 Construct an enthalpy diagram that shows the enthalpy changes for a one-step conversion of... Problem 80RQ: *6.80 Construct an enthalpy diagram for the formation of from its elements by two pathways: first,... Problem 81RQ: Show how the equations N2O4(g)2NO2(g)H=+57.93kJ2NO(g)+O2(g)2NO2(g)H=113.14kJ Can be manipulated to... Problem 82RQ: 6.82 We can generate hydrogen chloride by heating a mixture of sulfuric acid and potassium chloride... Problem 83RQ: Calculate H in kilojoules for the following reaction, the preparation of the unstable acid nitrous... Problem 84RQ: Calcium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid by the following equation:... Problem 85RQ: Given the following thermochemical equations,... Problem 86RQ: 6.86 Given the following thermochemical equations,
calculate the standard enthalpy of formation .
Problem 87RQ: Given the following thermochemical equations,... Problem 88RQ: Given the following thermochemical equations, 4NH3(g)+7O2(g)4NO2(g)+6H2O(g)H=1132kJ... Problem 89RQ: Which of the following thermochemical equations can have Hf for the heat of the reaction? If it... Problem 90RQ: Which of the following thermochemical equations can have Hf for the heat of the reaction? If it... Problem 91RQ: Write the thermochcmical equations, including values of H in kilojoules per mole (from Table 6.2),... Problem 92RQ: Write the thermochemical equations, including values of H in kilojoules per mole (from Appendix C),... Problem 93RQ: Using data in Table 6.2, calculate H in kilojoules for the following reactions. (a)... Problem 94RQ: 6.94 Using data in Table 6.2, calculate in kilojoules for the following reactions.
(a)
(b)... Problem 95RQ: The value for the standard heat of combustion, H combustion, for sucrose, Cl2H22O11,... Problem 96RQ: The thermochemical equation for the combustion of acetylene gas, C2H2(g), is... Problem 97RQ: 6.97 Look at the list of substances in Table 6.1. Which one will require the most energy to raise... Problem 98RQ: *6.98 A dilute solution of hydrochloric acid with a mass of 610.29 g and containing 0.33183 mol of... Problem 99RQ: A 2.00 kg piece of granite with a specific heat of 0.803Jg-1C-1 and a temperature of 95.0C is placed... Problem 100RQ: In the recovery of iron from iron ore, the reduction of the ore is actually accomplished by... Problem 101RQ: Use the results of Problem 6.100 and the data in Table 6.2 to calculate the value of Hf for FeO.... Problem 102RQ: 6.102 The amino acid glycine, , is one of the compounds used by the body to make proteins. The... Problem 103RQ: The value of Hf for HBr(g) was first evaluated using the following standard enthalpy values obtained... Problem 104RQ: Acetylene, C2H2, is a gas commonly burned in welding because of its hot flame. Small amounts can be... Problem 105RQ: The reaction for the metabolism of sucrose, C12H22O11, is the same as for its combustion in oxygen... Problem 106RQ: Consider the following thermochemical equations:... Problem 107RQ: 6.107 Chlorofluoromethanes (CFMs) are carbon compounds of chlorine and fluorine and are also known... Problem 108RQ Problem 109RQ: Suppose a truck with a mass of 14.0 tons (lton=2000lb) is traveling at a speed of 45.0 mi/hr. If the... Problem 110RQ: How much work must be done to form one mole of CH4 and enough oxygen from CO2andH2O? Why is it so... Problem 111RQ: A cold -15C piece of copper metal weighing 7.38 g was placed in a beaker as illustrated, holding 55... Problem 112RQ: Both Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 can be used to neutralize acids. Using the information from Appendix C, which... Problem 113RQ: *6.113 When 4.56 g of a solid mixture composed of and was dissolved in 100.0 mL water, the... Problem 114RQ: Using the results from Analyzing and Solving Multi- Concept Problems in Section 6.6 and the Practice... Problem 115RQ: *6.115 For ethanol, , which is mixed with gasoline to make the fuel gasohol, Calculate the number... Problem 116RQ: Both calcium and potassium react with water to form hydrogen and the corresponding hydroxide. The... Problem 117RQ: 6.117 As a routine safety procedure, acids and bases should be stored separately in a laboratory.... Problem 118RQ: In an experiment, 95.0 mL of 0.225 M silver nitrate was mixed rapidly with 47.5 mL of 0.225 M... Problem 119RQ: 6.119 Growing wheat and converting it into bread requires energy. In the process, the wheat absorbs... Problem 120RQ: Suppose we compress a spring, tie it up tightly, and then dissolve the spring in acid. What happens... Problem 121RQ Problem 122RQ: Why do we usually use H rather than E when we discuss energies of reaction? Develop an argument for... Problem 123RQ Problem 124RQ: 6.124 Find the heats of formation of some compounds that are explosives. What do they have in... Problem 125RQ format_list_bulleted