Chapter 6, Problem 10E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Each plot on the graph corresponding to ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}$ , ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$ and ${\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}$ should belabeled and explained.

  ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)+3{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)\rightleftharpoons 2{\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}\left(g\right)$

Concept introduction: Le Chatelier’s established the qualitative effects of change in concentration or partial pressure of reactant on reaction equilibrium.

It suggests that if a certain change in concentration of substrates occurs then reaction proceeds so as to minimize the effects of changes. This way the direction of equilibrium can be altered by various changes and yield of the desired product can be enhanced. For example, Le Chatelier’s has improved the synthesis of ${\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}$ by Haber’s process.

The yield of ammonia is increased when ammonia already formed is removed from the reactor that allows for more combination of nitrogen and hydrogen to form more ammonia.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Relative shapes of each plot corresponding to ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}$ , ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$ and ${\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}$ should be explained.

Concept introduction: Le Chatelier’s established the qualitative effects of change in concentration or partial pressure of reactant on reaction equilibrium.

It suggests that if a certain change in concentration of substrates occurs then reaction proceeds so as to minimize the effects of changes. This way the direction of equilibrium can be altered by various changes and yield of the desired product can be enhanced. For example, Le Chatelier’s has improved the synthesis of ${\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}$ by Haber’s process.

The yield of ammonia is increased when ammonia already formed is removed from the reactor that allows for more combination of nitrogen and hydrogen to form more ammonia.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The point when equilibrium is established amongst ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}$ , ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$ and ${\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}$ should be identified.

Concept introduction: Le Chatelier’s established the qualitative effects of change in concentration or partial pressure of reactant on reaction equilibrium. It suggests that if a certain change in concentration of substrates occurs then reaction proceeds so as to minimize the effects of changes. This way the direction of equilibrium can be altered by various changes and yield of the desired product can be enhanced. For example, Le Chatelier’s has improved the synthesis of ${\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}$ by Haber’s process.

The yield of ammonia is increased when ammonia already formed is removed from the reactor that allows for more combination of nitrogen and hydrogen to form more ammonia.