Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 10E
Why is it difficult to observe at infrared wavelengths? What do astronomers do to address this difficulty?
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Chapter 6 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 6 - What are the three basic components of a modern...Ch. 6 - Name the two spectral windows through which...Ch. 6 - List the largest-aperture single telescope...Ch. 6 - When astronomers discuss the apertures of their...Ch. 6 - The Hooker telescope at Palomar Observatory has a...Ch. 6 - What is meant by “reflecting” and “refracting”...Ch. 6 - Why are the largest visible-light telescopes in...Ch. 6 - Compare the eye, photographic film, and CCDs as...Ch. 6 - What is a charge-coupled device (CCD), and how is...Ch. 6 - Why is it difficult to observe at infrared...
Ch. 6 - Radio and radar observations are often made with...Ch. 6 - Look back at Figure 6.18 of Cygnus A and read its...Ch. 6 - Why do astronomers place telescopes in Earth’s...Ch. 6 - What was the problem with the Hubble Space...Ch. 6 - Describe the techniques radio astronomers use to...Ch. 6 - What kind of visible-light and infrared telescopes...Ch. 6 - Describe one visible-light or infrared telescope...Ch. 6 - What happens to the image produced by a lens if...Ch. 6 - What would be the properties of an ideal...Ch. 6 - Many decades ago, the astronomers on the staff of...Ch. 6 - The largest observatory complex in the world is on...Ch. 6 - Suppose you are looking for sites for a...Ch. 6 - Radio astronomy involves wavelengths much longer...Ch. 6 - The dean of a university located near the ocean...Ch. 6 - What is the area, in square meters, of a 10-m...Ch. 6 - Approximately 9000 stars are visible to the naked...Ch. 6 - Theoretically (that is, if seeing were not an...Ch. 6 - In broad daylight, the size of your pupil is...Ch. 6 - How much more light can be gathered by a telescope...Ch. 6 - How much more light can the Keck telescope (with...Ch. 6 - People are often bothered when they discover that...Ch. 6 - Telescopes can now be operated remotely from a...Ch. 6 - The HST cost about $1.7 billion for construction...Ch. 6 - How much more light can the James Webb Space...Ch. 6 - The Palomar telescope’s 5-m mirror weighs 14.5...
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- Suppose you are looking for sites for a visible-light observatory, an infrared observatory, and a radio observatory. What are the main criteria of excellence for each? What sites are actually considered the best today?arrow_forwardThe HST cost about $1.7 billion for construction and $300 million for its shuttle launch, and it costs $250 million per year to operate. If the telescope lasts for 20 years, what is the total cost per year? Per day? If the telescope can be used just 30% of the time for actual observations, what is the cost per hour and per minute for the astronomer’s observing time on this instrument? What is the cost per person in the United States? Was your investment in the Hubble Space telescope worth it?arrow_forwardWhat kind of visible-light and infrared telescopes on the ground are astronomers planning for the future? Why are they building them on the ground and not in space?arrow_forward
- Many decades ago, the astronomers on the staff of Mount Wilson and Palomar Observatories each received about 60 nights per year for their observing programs. Today, an astronomer feels fortunate to get 10 nights per year on a large telescope. Can you suggest some reasons for this change?arrow_forwardWhy do astronomers place telescopes in Earth’s orbit? What are the advantages for the different regions of the spectrum?arrow_forwardrequired to conduct observations 11. What special conditions are: in the infrared?arrow_forward
- A powerful telescope can observe an object down to about the 30th magnitude in the B-band. To what distance can this kind of telescope observe a star like the Sun? What kind of energy flux is observed at this telescope in terms of the solar constant?arrow_forwardYou have a radio telescope that you are designing to observe the fine details of the ring of hydrogen around Jupiter (yes, Jupiter does have rings, but not as pretty as Saturn.) Jupiter is about 5.93E8 km from Earth. If you are trying to observe gas structures the size of a small town (about 1.0 km across) and the wavelength of hydrogen alpha is 656.28 nm, then what is the minimum diameter that you would need to have for your telescope to resolve the needed details to Rayleigh criterion?arrow_forwardWhat diameter telescope is needed to resolve the separation between an Earth-like planet and its star at 550 nm if the linear separation between them is 1 AU and the star system is 4 pc from Earth? (Give your answer in m.) marrow_forward
- A powerful telescope can observe an object down to about the 30th magnitude in the B-band. To what distance can this kind of telescope observe a star such as the Sun? What kind of energy flux is observed at this telescope in terms of the solar constant? (Show your work for all calculations)arrow_forwardTwo identical stars are moving in a circular orbit around one another with an orbital separation of 2 AU. The system lies 200 light-years from Earth. If we happen to view the orbit head-on, how large a telescope would we need to resolve the stars, assuming diffraction-limited optics at a wavelength of 2 μm?arrow_forwardThe James Webb Telescope is an important innovation in Astronomy and its implementation was first explained to the public during the timeline of our course this summer. Prepare an explanation which includes the following: What is the James Webb Telescope? Include a description of the tool itself and a brief history. What is the importance/significance of this tool for future astronomical studies?arrow_forward
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