Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321775658
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 56, Problem 4TYU
Which of the following is a consequence of biological magnification?
- (A) Toxic chemicals in the environment pose greater risk to top-level predators than to primary consumers.
- (B) Populations of top-level predators are generally smaller than populations of primary consumers.
- (G) The biomass of producers in an ecosystem is generally higher than the biomass of primary consumers.
- (D) Only a small portion of the energy captured by producers is transferred to consumers.
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a) Describe the relative numbers of producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and tertiary consumers expected in an ecosystem based on the food chain depicted
below.
b) Describe the shape that this pyramid of numbers would take.
algae
insect larvae
yellow perch
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human
c) If you were to include decomposers in the food chain above, where would you place them? Explain your answer.
A researcher measures the amount of mercury (a persistant toxic chemical) in the fish of a lake ecosystem. The concentration of mercury is 10 times higher in the tertiary consumer fish species compared to the amount in the primary consumer fish species.
A) Explain this result using the term bioaccumulation and biomagnification.
B) If a bear eats mainly the tertiary consumer fish from this lake, how would you expect the mercury concentration in the bear to compare to the fish?
At which point in the trophic pyramid is the greatest arount (not percentage) of energy lost?
A) Between the primary producers and the primary consumers
B) Between the primary consumers and the secondary consumers
C)Between the secondary consumers and the tertiary consumers
D) Between the secondary consumers and the primary producers
Chapter 56 Solutions
Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
Ch. 56.1 - Explain why it is too narrow to define the...Ch. 56.1 - Identify the four main threats to biodiversity and...Ch. 56.1 - WHAT IF? Imagine two populations of a fish...Ch. 56.2 - How does the reduced genetic diversity of small...Ch. 56.2 - If there were 100 greater prairie chickens in a...Ch. 56.2 - WHAT IF? In 2005, at least ten grizzly bears in...Ch. 56.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 56.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 56.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 56.4 - How can the addition of excess mineral nutrients...
Ch. 56.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 56.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Mutagens are chemical and...Ch. 56.5 - What is meant by the term sustainable development?Ch. 56.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 56.5 - WHAT IF? Suppose a new fishery is discovered, and...Ch. 56 - Give at least three examples of key ecosystem...Ch. 56 - Why is the minimum viable population size smaller...Ch. 56 - Prob. 56.3CRCh. 56 - Prob. 56.4CRCh. 56 - Prob. 56.5CRCh. 56 - One characteristic that distinguishes a population...Ch. 56 - The main cause of the increase in the amount of...Ch. 56 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 56 - Which of the following is a consequence of...Ch. 56 - Which of the following strategies would most...Ch. 56 - Of the following statements about protected areas...Ch. 56 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 56 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 56 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 56 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS One factor...Ch. 56 - Prob. 11TYU
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 10) Which statement best describes a characteristic of an ecosystem?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements BEST describes energy transfer in an ecosystem? A. If the primary producer has 175,000 kcal available, the secondary consumer will receive 17,500 kcal from the primary consumer. B. If the primary consumer has 175,000 kcal available, the secondary consumer will receive 17,500 kcal from the primary consumer. C. If the primary consumer has 175,000 kcal available, the tertiary consumer will receive 175 kcal from the secondary consumer. D. If the primary producer has 175,000 kcal available, the tertiary consumer will receive 17,500 kcal from the secondary consumer.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following has the largest population in a food chain?(a) Producers(b) Primary consumers(c) Secondary consumers(d) Decomposersarrow_forward
- Which of the following organisms is incorrectlypaired with its trophic level?(A) cyanobacterium—primary producer(B) grasshopper—primary consumer(C) zooplankton—primary producer(D) fungus—detritivorearrow_forwardWhich of the following is a component of an ecosystem but not of an ecological community? (a) a producer (b) water (c) a secondary consumer (d) a primary consumerarrow_forwardChoose TWO (2) different types of ecosystem, in your surrounding area. The area can be in your yard or in your neighbourhood, which is easily accessible to you. a) the two types of ecosystems that can be identified during the observation b) abiotic and biotic factors in each ecosystem (FOUR examples ofinteractions).arrow_forward
- Why is the change in human footprint relatively low for the most agriculturally suitable land? a) Very little of the land is highly suitable for agriculture b) Cities put little pressure on the environment, and tend to be in very agriculturally suitable areas c) Pressure was already high therearrow_forward1) A scientist finds that the gross primary productivity of the grasslands of the central United States is 55 g / m2 / year. If the respiration loss is 33 g / m2 / year, what is the net primary productivity? a) subtraction from gross productivity and respiration.b) The same as primary productivity.c) The value of respiration.d) The sum of gross primary productivity and respiration.arrow_forward"Write a scenario describing what would happen to an ecosystem or to the human system in the event that:(a) All producers are killed through loss of fertility of the soil or through toxic contamination, (b) decomposers and detritus feeders are eliminated. Support all of your statements with reasons drawn from your understanding of the way ecosystems function"arrow_forward
- In an ecosystem, energy? A) Cycles along with chemical nutrients B) comes ultimately from bacteria C) typically flows from consumers to producers to decomposers D) typically flows from producers through a series of consumersarrow_forwardWhich of the terms describes energy made by producers? O B and C O C) Secondary production O A) Net primary productivity O B) Gross primary productivity O A and B O A only O B onlyarrow_forwarda) Each trophic level, on average, will move 10% of the energy tied up in molecules to the next trophic level. How much of the energy from the sun is actually brought in to the first trophic level? b) When the producers convert energy and tie it up in the first trophic level, it is brought in as heat. True or false? c) Which of the following are true about ecosystems? Check all that apply. They contain both living and nonliving components.They contain both living and nonliving components. There is a transfer of energy through the system and some energy is lost as heat energy.There is a transfer of energy through the system and some energy is lost as heat energy. Nutrients repeatedly cycle through the ecosystem.Nutrients repeatedly cycle through the ecosystem. They represent the lowest level of biological organization.They represent the lowest level of biological organization. The ultimate source of energy for most ecosystems is organic molecules.arrow_forward
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