Chapter 5.5, Problem B5.4P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The moles of gas present in the atmosphere are to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The expression to calculate the moles of a solute when given mass and molecular mass of compound are given is as follows:

  $\text{Moles of compound}\left(\text{mol}\right)=\left[\begin{array}{c}\text{given mass}\text{of compound}\left(\text{g}\right)\\ \left(\frac{\text{1mole}\text{of compound}\left(\text{mol}\right)}{\text{molecular mass of compound}\left(\text{g}\right)}\right)\end{array}\right]$

The conversion factor to convert $\text{t}$ to $\text{kg}$ is as follows:

  $\text{1}\text{t}=1\text{000}\text{kg}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The volume of atmosphere occupied at $25°\text{C}$ and $1\text{ atm}$ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The ideal gas equation can be expressed as follows,

  $PV=nRT$        (2)

Here,

$P$ is the pressure.

$V$ is the volume.

$T$ is the temperature.

$n$ is the mole of the gas.

$R$ is the gas constant.

The conversion factor to convert $°\text{C}$ to Kelvin is as follows:

  $T\left(\text{K}\right)=T\left(°\text{C}\right)+273.15$        (3)