Chapter 55, Problem 5O

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The mechanism of action, cautions, contraindications, routes of administration, adverse effects, drug interaction, and complication associated with enteral and parenteral nutritional supplementation.

Concept introduction:

A nutritionally balanced feed containing fat, protein, minerals, carbohydrates, and vitamins are directly delivered into the jejunum or duodenum and stomach is referred to as enteral feeding. There are different types of enteral feeding. They are gastrostomy feeding, gastrostomy feeding, nasoenteric feeding, and jejunostomy feeding.

A method of feeding in which the gastrointestinal tract is bypassed is termed as total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Liquid foods (fluids) are administered through the vein to deliver the nutrients. This technique is applied, if a patient has difficulties in receiving fluids or feeding through the mouth.