Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 54.4, Problem 1CC
Describe two hypotheses that explain why species diversity is greater in tropical regions than in temperate and polar regions.
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The most plausible hypothesis to explain why species richness is higher in tropical than in temperate regions is thata) tropical regions generally have more available water and higher levels of solar radiation.b) diversity increases as evapotranspiration decreases.c) higher temperatures cause more rapid speciation.d) tropical communities are younger.
briefly explain why there is species variation?
Habitat fragmentation can lead to:
a)The disappearance of the matrix due to decreased habitat heterogeneity
b) Changes in patch use by animals, with smaller patches leading increased size of home range or movement for many animals
c) Variation in microenvironment near the edge of the patch with negative consequences for diversity
Chapter 54 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 54.1 - Explain how competition, predation, and mutualism...Ch. 54.1 - According to the principle of competitive...Ch. 54.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Figure 24.14 illustrates how a...Ch. 54.2 - What two components contribute to species...Ch. 54.2 - How is a food chain different from a food web?Ch. 54.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 54.2 - Prob. 4CCCh. 54.3 - Why do high and low levels of disturbance usually...Ch. 54.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 54.3 - WHAT IF? Most prairies experience regular fires,...
Ch. 54.4 - Describe two hypotheses that explain why species...Ch. 54.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 54.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 54.5 - What are pathogens?Ch. 54.5 - WHAT IF? Rabies, a viral disease in mammals, is...Ch. 54 - Interspecific interactions affect the survival and...Ch. 54 - Based on indexes such as Shannon diversity, is a...Ch. 54 - Is the disturbance pictured in figure 54.25 more...Ch. 54 - How have periods of glaciation influenced...Ch. 54 - Prob. 54.5CRCh. 54 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 54 - The principle of competitive exclusion states that...Ch. 54 - Based on the intermediate disturbance hypothesis,...Ch. 54 - According to the island equilibrium model, species...Ch. 54 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 54 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 54 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 54 - The most plausible hypothesis to explain why...Ch. 54 - Community 1 contains 100 individuals distributed...Ch. 54 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 54 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Explain why adaptations of...Ch. 54 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 54 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS In Batesian...Ch. 54 - Prob. 14TYU
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- Between Tenerife and La Gomera, which island would be expected to have a greater number of species? In your discussion of why, focus on the primary difference between the islands (size or distance from the mainland) A) Tenerife B) La Gomera and whyarrow_forwardExplain why you chose A or B, etc. Provide a logical explanation defending your answer choice. Q1: Which of the following hypothetical islands would likely have the greatest species richness? Group of answer choices A) Not enough information given B) a small island far from the mainland C) a large island far from the mainland D) a large island near to the mainland E) a small island near to the mainland Q2: Trophic cascades are often caused by Group of answer choices A) climate change B) pollution C) keystone species D) invasive species E) ecosystem engineers F) habitat lossarrow_forwardExplain why you chose A or B, etc. Provide a logical explanation defending your answer choice. Q1: Which of the following hypothetical islands would likely have the greatest species richness? Group of answer choices A) Not enough information given B) a small island far from the mainland C) a large island far from the mainland D) a large island near to the mainland E) a small island near to the mainland Q2: Trophic cascades are often caused by Group of answer choices A) climate change B) pollution C) keystone species D) invasive species E) ecosystem engineers F) habitat loss Is my reasoning correct? Or is something wrong with my critical thinking? What do you think? The size of the island and its position is very much crucial for species richness. There are several factors that affect the species richness in a large island near the mainland. A large island near the mainland has the highest species richness which is determined by some…arrow_forward
- Based on island biogeography theory, how is diversity expected to vary among different islands? a)Larger islands that are further from mainland will have relatively high diversity b)Smaller islands that are closer to mainland will have relatively high diversity c)Larger islands that are closer to mainland will have relatively high diversity d)Smaller islands that are further from mainland will have relatively high diversityarrow_forwardDiversification of species can be driven by factors such as physiological or morphological features of the species. These types of factors are called 1)heterogenous 2) extrinsic 3) endogenousarrow_forwardBesides the relationship used by Paul Ehrlich, can you arrive at a scientific explanation to explain the direct association between stability and diversity of an ecosystem?arrow_forward
- What do you mean lay species diversity? Name two measures of species diversity?arrow_forwardGive three hypotheses for explaining why tropics show greatest levels of species richness.arrow_forwardSome ecologists have dismissed the terms "R" and "K" and have replaced them with the terms "maintenance" and "dispersal." Match the new terms to the old terms and explain how they are accurately used.arrow_forward
- Allan Pounds and Kevin Anchukaitis both think only one factor - either climate change or an El Nino event - killed the golden toad. However, might they both be right? Could it be that the dry conditions created by the El Nino event were worsened by underlying climate change effects, so that El Nino and climate change together caused the extinction of the golden toad in Monteverde? Yes, the El Nino event in combination with climate change could have led to the extinction of the golden toad. Multiple factors can influence species' extinction. O No, only one factor - either climate change or El Nino - acting alone killed the golden toad. Species are only ever affected by one environmental factor, never by multiple factors.arrow_forwardPlease explain why you decided to pick an answer choice. Explain your reasoning/rational/logic for choosing the answer choice. Question: Which of the following hypothetical islands would likely have the greatest species richness? Group of answer choices A) Not enough information given B) a large island far from the mainland C) a large island near to the mainlandarrow_forwardEcologists use a rank-abundance curve to display relative species abundance, which is a component of biodiversity. It can also be used to demonstrate species richness and evenness. Figure 1 shows the rank- abundance curve for caddisflies (Order Trichoptera) of two aquatic habitats in northern Portugal (data from L.S.W. Tera). Pollution of streams, on the other hand, reduces the diversity of Trichoptera and several other groups of stream insects, reducing both species richness and species diversity. Interpret why those happened. These rank-abundance curves show that the mountain stream caddisfly community has higher species richness and greater species evenness. 0.1 - Mountain stream 0.01 Greater richness and species evenness 0,001 Coastal ponds 0.0001 20 40 60 80 Abundance rank Figure 1: Rank-abundance curve for caddisflies (Order Trichoptera) of two aquatic habitats in northern Portugal (data from L.S.W. Tera). Proportional abundancearrow_forward
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