Interspecific interactions affect the survival and reproduction of the species that engage in them. As shown in the table, these interactions can he grouped into three broad categories: competition, exploitation, and positive interactions. Competitive exclusion states that two species competing for the same resource cannot coexist permanently in the same place. Resource partitioning is the differentiation of ecological niches that enables species to coexist in a community. For each interaction listed in the table, give an example of a pair of species that exhibit the interaction.

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 54, Problem 54.1CR

Interspecific interactions affect the survival and reproduction of the species that engage in them. As shown in the table, these interactions can he grouped into three broad categories: competition, exploitation, and positive interactions.

Chapter 54, Problem 54.1CR, Interspecific interactions affect the survival and reproduction of the species that engage in them.

Competitive exclusion states that two species competing for the same resource cannot coexist permanently in the same place. Resource partitioning is the differentiation of ecological niches that enables species to coexist in a community.

For each interaction listed in the table, give an example of a pair of species that exhibit the interaction.

Definition Definition Organism that lives in the body of another organism and obtains food at the expense of the host. A parasite can directly or indirect harm the host. There are two kinds of parasites: internal and external. An internal parasite lives inside another organism and is known as an endoparasite. An external parasite lives on the body surface of the host and is known as an ectoparasite. Protozoa and helminths are examples of major human parasites.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To provide: Examples of species involved in different types of interspecific interactions.

Concept introduction: Interspecific interactions refer to the relationship that exists between members of different species of a biological community. It includes commensalism, parasitism, herbivory, predation, competition, and others. These interactions can have either positive or negative impact on the survival of species engaged in the interaction.

Given data: Refer to the table in the concept 54.1 “ Community interactions are classified by whether they help, harm, or have no effect on the species involved”, in the textbook.

Explanation of Solution

The interspecific interactions can be classified into three categories, namely, positive interactions, competition and exploitation.

The positive interaction is a type of interaction in which one species are benefitted and the other may or may not get benefits but is never harmed.

The competition is a type of engagement where both the species are affected (harmed) as they share a common resource (short in supply).

In exploitation, one species get benefit while the other is affected negatively (harmed).

The positive interactions include mutualism and commensalism. On the contrary, exploitation involves predation, parasitism and herbivory.

Interactions along with its examples are tabulated as follows:

Type of interactions	Examples
Competition	Lynx and foxes of Alaska (compete for snowshoe hares)
Exploitation
Predation	Lion (predator) and antelope (prey)
Herbivory	Rice grasshopper (herbivore) and rice plant (act as food)
Parasitism	Plasmodium(parasite) and human (host)
Positive interactions
Mutualism	Acacia and ant (both benefit each other)
Commensalism	Cattle egrets (get a benefit)and African buffalo (not harmed)

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A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation? The cell membranes are more resistant than normal. An isotonic solution had been added instead of water. A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water. Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet. The man had sickle-cell anaemia.

With reference to their absorption spectra of the oxy haemoglobin intact line) and deoxyhemoglobin (broken line) shown in Figure 2 below, how would you best explain the reason why there are differences in the major peaks of the spectra? Figure 2. SPECTRA OF OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED HAEMOGLOBIN OBTAINED WITH THE RECORDING SPECTROPHOTOMETER 1.4 Abs < 0.8 06 0.4 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 nm 1. The difference in the spectra is due to a pH change in the deoxy-haemoglobin due to uptake of CO2- 2. There is more oxygen-carrying plasma in the oxy-haemoglobin sample. 3. The change in Mr due to oxygen binding causes the oxy haemoglobin to have a higher absorbance peak. 4. Oxy-haemoglobin is contaminated by carbaminohemoglobin, and therefore has a higher absorbance peak 5. Oxy-haemoglobin absorbs more light of blue wavelengths and less of red wavelengths than deoxy-haemoglobin

Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 54, Problem 54.1CR

Interspecific interactions affect the survival and reproduction of the species that engage in them. As shown in the table, these interactions can he grouped into three broad categories: competition, exploitation, and positive interactions.

Chapter 54, Problem 54.1CR, Interspecific interactions affect the survival and reproduction of the species that engage in them.

Competitive exclusion states that two species competing for the same resource cannot coexist permanently in the same place. Resource partitioning is the differentiation of ecological niches that enables species to coexist in a community.

For each interaction listed in the table, give an example of a pair of species that exhibit the interaction.

Definition Definition Organism that lives in the body of another organism and obtains food at the expense of the host. A parasite can directly or indirect harm the host. There are two kinds of parasites: internal and external. An internal parasite lives inside another organism and is known as an endoparasite. An external parasite lives on the body surface of the host and is known as an ectoparasite. Protozoa and helminths are examples of major human parasites.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To provide: Examples of species involved in different types of interspecific interactions.

Concept introduction: Interspecific interactions refer to the relationship that exists between members of different species of a biological community. It includes commensalism, parasitism, herbivory, predation, competition, and others. These interactions can have either positive or negative impact on the survival of species engaged in the interaction.

Given data: Refer to the table in the concept 54.1 “ Community interactions are classified by whether they help, harm, or have no effect on the species involved”, in the textbook.

Explanation of Solution

The interspecific interactions can be classified into three categories, namely, positive interactions, competition and exploitation.

The positive interaction is a type of interaction in which one species are benefitted and the other may or may not get benefits but is never harmed.

The competition is a type of engagement where both the species are affected (harmed) as they share a common resource (short in supply).

In exploitation, one species get benefit while the other is affected negatively (harmed).

The positive interactions include mutualism and commensalism. On the contrary, exploitation involves predation, parasitism and herbivory.

Interactions along with its examples are tabulated as follows:

Type of interactions	Examples
Competition	Lynx and foxes of Alaska (compete for snowshoe hares)
Exploitation
Predation	Lion (predator) and antelope (prey)
Herbivory	Rice grasshopper (herbivore) and rice plant (act as food)
Parasitism	Plasmodium(parasite) and human (host)
Positive interactions
Mutualism	Acacia and ant (both benefit each other)
Commensalism	Cattle egrets (get a benefit)and African buffalo (not harmed)

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 54, Problem 54.1CR

Interspecific interactions affect the survival and reproduction of the species that engage in them. As shown in the table, these interactions can he grouped into three broad categories: competition, exploitation, and positive interactions.

Chapter 54, Problem 54.1CR, Interspecific interactions affect the survival and reproduction of the species that engage in them.

Competitive exclusion states that two species competing for the same resource cannot coexist permanently in the same place. Resource partitioning is the differentiation of ecological niches that enables species to coexist in a community.

For each interaction listed in the table, give an example of a pair of species that exhibit the interaction.

Definition Definition Organism that lives in the body of another organism and obtains food at the expense of the host. A parasite can directly or indirect harm the host. There are two kinds of parasites: internal and external. An internal parasite lives inside another organism and is known as an endoparasite. An external parasite lives on the body surface of the host and is known as an ectoparasite. Protozoa and helminths are examples of major human parasites.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To provide: Examples of species involved in different types of interspecific interactions.

Concept introduction: Interspecific interactions refer to the relationship that exists between members of different species of a biological community. It includes commensalism, parasitism, herbivory, predation, competition, and others. These interactions can have either positive or negative impact on the survival of species engaged in the interaction.

Given data: Refer to the table in the concept 54.1 “ Community interactions are classified by whether they help, harm, or have no effect on the species involved”, in the textbook.

Explanation of Solution

The interspecific interactions can be classified into three categories, namely, positive interactions, competition and exploitation.

The positive interaction is a type of interaction in which one species are benefitted and the other may or may not get benefits but is never harmed.

The competition is a type of engagement where both the species are affected (harmed) as they share a common resource (short in supply).

In exploitation, one species get benefit while the other is affected negatively (harmed).

The positive interactions include mutualism and commensalism. On the contrary, exploitation involves predation, parasitism and herbivory.

Interactions along with its examples are tabulated as follows:

Type of interactions	Examples
Competition	Lynx and foxes of Alaska (compete for snowshoe hares)
Exploitation
Predation	Lion (predator) and antelope (prey)
Herbivory	Rice grasshopper (herbivore) and rice plant (act as food)
Parasitism	Plasmodium(parasite) and human (host)
Positive interactions
Mutualism	Acacia and ant (both benefit each other)
Commensalism	Cattle egrets (get a benefit)and African buffalo (not harmed)

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 54, Problem 54.1CR

Interspecific interactions affect the survival and reproduction of the species that engage in them. As shown in the table, these interactions can he grouped into three broad categories: competition, exploitation, and positive interactions.

Chapter 54, Problem 54.1CR, Interspecific interactions affect the survival and reproduction of the species that engage in them.

Competitive exclusion states that two species competing for the same resource cannot coexist permanently in the same place. Resource partitioning is the differentiation of ecological niches that enables species to coexist in a community.

For each interaction listed in the table, give an example of a pair of species that exhibit the interaction.

Definition Definition Organism that lives in the body of another organism and obtains food at the expense of the host. A parasite can directly or indirect harm the host. There are two kinds of parasites: internal and external. An internal parasite lives inside another organism and is known as an endoparasite. An external parasite lives on the body surface of the host and is known as an ectoparasite. Protozoa and helminths are examples of major human parasites.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To provide: Examples of species involved in different types of interspecific interactions.

Concept introduction: Interspecific interactions refer to the relationship that exists between members of different species of a biological community. It includes commensalism, parasitism, herbivory, predation, competition, and others. These interactions can have either positive or negative impact on the survival of species engaged in the interaction.

Given data: Refer to the table in the concept 54.1 “ Community interactions are classified by whether they help, harm, or have no effect on the species involved”, in the textbook.

Explanation of Solution

The interspecific interactions can be classified into three categories, namely, positive interactions, competition and exploitation.

The positive interaction is a type of interaction in which one species are benefitted and the other may or may not get benefits but is never harmed.

The competition is a type of engagement where both the species are affected (harmed) as they share a common resource (short in supply).

In exploitation, one species get benefit while the other is affected negatively (harmed).

The positive interactions include mutualism and commensalism. On the contrary, exploitation involves predation, parasitism and herbivory.

Interactions along with its examples are tabulated as follows:

Type of interactions	Examples
Competition	Lynx and foxes of Alaska (compete for snowshoe hares)
Exploitation
Predation	Lion (predator) and antelope (prey)
Herbivory	Rice grasshopper (herbivore) and rice plant (act as food)
Parasitism	Plasmodium(parasite) and human (host)
Positive interactions
Mutualism	Acacia and ant (both benefit each other)
Commensalism	Cattle egrets (get a benefit)and African buffalo (not harmed)

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To provide: Examples of species involved in different types of interspecific interactions.

Concept introduction: Interspecific interactions refer to the relationship that exists between members of different species of a biological community. It includes commensalism, parasitism, herbivory, predation, competition, and others. These interactions can have either positive or negative impact on the survival of species engaged in the interaction.

Given data: Refer to the table in the concept 54.1 “ Community interactions are classified by whether they help, harm, or have no effect on the species involved”, in the textbook.

Explanation of Solution

The interspecific interactions can be classified into three categories, namely, positive interactions, competition and exploitation.

The positive interaction is a type of interaction in which one species are benefitted and the other may or may not get benefits but is never harmed.

The competition is a type of engagement where both the species are affected (harmed) as they share a common resource (short in supply).

In exploitation, one species get benefit while the other is affected negatively (harmed).

The positive interactions include mutualism and commensalism. On the contrary, exploitation involves predation, parasitism and herbivory.

Interactions along with its examples are tabulated as follows:

Type of interactions	Examples
Competition	Lynx and foxes of Alaska (compete for snowshoe hares)
Exploitation
Predation	Lion (predator) and antelope (prey)
Herbivory	Rice grasshopper (herbivore) and rice plant (act as food)
Parasitism	Plasmodium(parasite) and human (host)
Positive interactions
Mutualism	Acacia and ant (both benefit each other)
Commensalism	Cattle egrets (get a benefit)and African buffalo (not harmed)

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To provide: Examples of species involved in different types of interspecific interactions.

Concept introduction: Interspecific interactions refer to the relationship that exists between members of different species of a biological community. It includes commensalism, parasitism, herbivory, predation, competition, and others. These interactions can have either positive or negative impact on the survival of species engaged in the interaction.

Given data: Refer to the table in the concept 54.1 “ Community interactions are classified by whether they help, harm, or have no effect on the species involved”, in the textbook.

Explanation of Solution

The interspecific interactions can be classified into three categories, namely, positive interactions, competition and exploitation.

The positive interaction is a type of interaction in which one species are benefitted and the other may or may not get benefits but is never harmed.

The competition is a type of engagement where both the species are affected (harmed) as they share a common resource (short in supply).

In exploitation, one species get benefit while the other is affected negatively (harmed).

The positive interactions include mutualism and commensalism. On the contrary, exploitation involves predation, parasitism and herbivory.

Interactions along with its examples are tabulated as follows:

Type of interactions	Examples
Competition	Lynx and foxes of Alaska (compete for snowshoe hares)
Exploitation
Predation	Lion (predator) and antelope (prey)
Herbivory	Rice grasshopper (herbivore) and rice plant (act as food)
Parasitism	Plasmodium(parasite) and human (host)
Positive interactions
Mutualism	Acacia and ant (both benefit each other)
Commensalism	Cattle egrets (get a benefit)and African buffalo (not harmed)

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

To provide: Examples of species involved in different types of interspecific interactions.

Concept introduction: Interspecific interactions refer to the relationship that exists between members of different species of a biological community. It includes commensalism, parasitism, herbivory, predation, competition, and others. These interactions can have either positive or negative impact on the survival of species engaged in the interaction.

Given data: Refer to the table in the concept 54.1 “ Community interactions are classified by whether they help, harm, or have no effect on the species involved”, in the textbook.

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

The interspecific interactions can be classified into three categories, namely, positive interactions, competition and exploitation.

The positive interaction is a type of interaction in which one species are benefitted and the other may or may not get benefits but is never harmed.

The competition is a type of engagement where both the species are affected (harmed) as they share a common resource (short in supply).

In exploitation, one species get benefit while the other is affected negatively (harmed).

The positive interactions include mutualism and commensalism. On the contrary, exploitation involves predation, parasitism and herbivory.

Interactions along with its examples are tabulated as follows:

Type of interactions	Examples
Competition	Lynx and foxes of Alaska (compete for snowshoe hares)
Exploitation
Predation	Lion (predator) and antelope (prey)
Herbivory	Rice grasshopper (herbivore) and rice plant (act as food)
Parasitism	Plasmodium(parasite) and human (host)
Positive interactions
Mutualism	Acacia and ant (both benefit each other)
Commensalism	Cattle egrets (get a benefit)and African buffalo (not harmed)

Answer 13

Ch. 54.1 - Explain how competition, predation, and mutualism...Ch. 54.1 - According to the principle of competitive...Ch. 54.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Figure 24.14 illustrates how a...Ch. 54.2 - What two components contribute to species...Ch. 54.2 - How is a food chain different from a food web?Ch. 54.2 - Prob. 3CC Ch. 54.2 - Prob. 4CC Ch. 54.3 - Why do high and low levels of disturbance usually...Ch. 54.3 - Prob. 2CC Ch. 54.3 - WHAT IF? Most prairies experience regular fires,...

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