The importance of vitamin B 12 , folic acid, and iron in the formation of blood cells. Concept introduction: The development and formation of blood cells in the bone marrow are termed as hematopoiesis. This process includes the production of leukocytes (white blood cells), erythrocytes (red blood cells), and thrombocytes. These blood cells are produced in the bone marrow or myeloid tissues. Iron, folic acid, and vitamin B 12 play an important role in the maturation of the red blood cells.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 54, Problem 1O

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The importance of vitamin B₁₂, folic acid, and iron in the formation of blood cells.

Concept introduction:

The development and formation of blood cells in the bone marrow are termed as hematopoiesis. This process includes the production of leukocytes (white blood cells), erythrocytes (red blood cells), and thrombocytes. These blood cells are produced in the bone marrow or myeloid tissues. Iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂ play an important role in the maturation of the red blood cells.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The red blood cells are manufactured in the bone marrow and are released into circulation in the form of immature red blood cells. Iron is an important component for the production of blood cells and is called hemoglobin. Hemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood to transfer oxygen to all parts of the body from the lungs. Iron helps in the cytoplasmic maturation of the red blood cells.

Folic acid and vitamin B₁₂ help in the nuclear maturation of the red blood cells. Folic acid is converted into tetrahydrofolic acid in the body and is used in the red blood cell formation (erythropoiesis) for the synthesis of nucleic acids (DNA). Vitamin B₁₂ is also termed as cyanocobalamin that helps in the production and functioning of the normal erythropoiesis.

Deficiency of iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂ leads to various types of anemia.

Conclusion

The maturation of the nucleus and cytoplasm of the red blood cells during erythropoiesis is carried out by the components such as iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂. Thus, these components are very essential for the normal functions of the body and their deficiency leads to immature formation of blood cells.

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You are seeing a 68 year-old male patient admitted to the ICU. He is sedated on the ventilator with propofol at 20ml/hr, D51⁄2NS running at 75ml/hr. and a past medical history of DM2, obesity, CAD, HTN, and Pneumonia. Ht 172cm, Wt 72kg, Alb 2.3, VE=7.9 L/min, Tmax =38.4 C 4.1 What is the total kcal this patient is receiving before the initiation of TF (Hint: include propofol and D51⁄2 NS in calculation)? 306 kcal 528 kcal 678 kcal 834 kcal Which estimated prediction equation will you recommend to calculate the kcal need for this patient? Penn State Equation (2003b): Mifflin(0.96)+ VE (31) + Tmax (167)-6212 MifflinStJeor =(10xW)+(6.25xHt)–(5xAge)+5 Harris-Benedict equation: kcal/day (male) = 66 +13.8 (W) + 5.0(H) – (6.8 x A) Ireton-Jones equations (1992)(ventilator-dependent): 1925 – 10 (A) + 5 (W) + 281 (S) + 292 (T) + 851 (B) What is the estimated kcal goal for this patient? 1787 kcal 1847 kcal 1927 kcal 2317 kcal What is the…

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 54, Problem 1O

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The importance of vitamin B₁₂, folic acid, and iron in the formation of blood cells.

Concept introduction:

The development and formation of blood cells in the bone marrow are termed as hematopoiesis. This process includes the production of leukocytes (white blood cells), erythrocytes (red blood cells), and thrombocytes. These blood cells are produced in the bone marrow or myeloid tissues. Iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂ play an important role in the maturation of the red blood cells.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The red blood cells are manufactured in the bone marrow and are released into circulation in the form of immature red blood cells. Iron is an important component for the production of blood cells and is called hemoglobin. Hemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood to transfer oxygen to all parts of the body from the lungs. Iron helps in the cytoplasmic maturation of the red blood cells.

Folic acid and vitamin B₁₂ help in the nuclear maturation of the red blood cells. Folic acid is converted into tetrahydrofolic acid in the body and is used in the red blood cell formation (erythropoiesis) for the synthesis of nucleic acids (DNA). Vitamin B₁₂ is also termed as cyanocobalamin that helps in the production and functioning of the normal erythropoiesis.

Deficiency of iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂ leads to various types of anemia.

Conclusion

The maturation of the nucleus and cytoplasm of the red blood cells during erythropoiesis is carried out by the components such as iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂. Thus, these components are very essential for the normal functions of the body and their deficiency leads to immature formation of blood cells.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 54, Problem 1O

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The importance of vitamin B₁₂, folic acid, and iron in the formation of blood cells.

Concept introduction:

The development and formation of blood cells in the bone marrow are termed as hematopoiesis. This process includes the production of leukocytes (white blood cells), erythrocytes (red blood cells), and thrombocytes. These blood cells are produced in the bone marrow or myeloid tissues. Iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂ play an important role in the maturation of the red blood cells.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The red blood cells are manufactured in the bone marrow and are released into circulation in the form of immature red blood cells. Iron is an important component for the production of blood cells and is called hemoglobin. Hemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood to transfer oxygen to all parts of the body from the lungs. Iron helps in the cytoplasmic maturation of the red blood cells.

Folic acid and vitamin B₁₂ help in the nuclear maturation of the red blood cells. Folic acid is converted into tetrahydrofolic acid in the body and is used in the red blood cell formation (erythropoiesis) for the synthesis of nucleic acids (DNA). Vitamin B₁₂ is also termed as cyanocobalamin that helps in the production and functioning of the normal erythropoiesis.

Deficiency of iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂ leads to various types of anemia.

Conclusion

The maturation of the nucleus and cytoplasm of the red blood cells during erythropoiesis is carried out by the components such as iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂. Thus, these components are very essential for the normal functions of the body and their deficiency leads to immature formation of blood cells.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 54, Problem 1O

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The importance of vitamin B₁₂, folic acid, and iron in the formation of blood cells.

Concept introduction:

The development and formation of blood cells in the bone marrow are termed as hematopoiesis. This process includes the production of leukocytes (white blood cells), erythrocytes (red blood cells), and thrombocytes. These blood cells are produced in the bone marrow or myeloid tissues. Iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂ play an important role in the maturation of the red blood cells.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The red blood cells are manufactured in the bone marrow and are released into circulation in the form of immature red blood cells. Iron is an important component for the production of blood cells and is called hemoglobin. Hemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood to transfer oxygen to all parts of the body from the lungs. Iron helps in the cytoplasmic maturation of the red blood cells.

Folic acid and vitamin B₁₂ help in the nuclear maturation of the red blood cells. Folic acid is converted into tetrahydrofolic acid in the body and is used in the red blood cell formation (erythropoiesis) for the synthesis of nucleic acids (DNA). Vitamin B₁₂ is also termed as cyanocobalamin that helps in the production and functioning of the normal erythropoiesis.

Deficiency of iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂ leads to various types of anemia.

Conclusion

The maturation of the nucleus and cytoplasm of the red blood cells during erythropoiesis is carried out by the components such as iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂. Thus, these components are very essential for the normal functions of the body and their deficiency leads to immature formation of blood cells.

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Answer 5

Chapter 54, Problem 1O

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The importance of vitamin B₁₂, folic acid, and iron in the formation of blood cells.

Concept introduction:

The development and formation of blood cells in the bone marrow are termed as hematopoiesis. This process includes the production of leukocytes (white blood cells), erythrocytes (red blood cells), and thrombocytes. These blood cells are produced in the bone marrow or myeloid tissues. Iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂ play an important role in the maturation of the red blood cells.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The red blood cells are manufactured in the bone marrow and are released into circulation in the form of immature red blood cells. Iron is an important component for the production of blood cells and is called hemoglobin. Hemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood to transfer oxygen to all parts of the body from the lungs. Iron helps in the cytoplasmic maturation of the red blood cells.

Folic acid and vitamin B₁₂ help in the nuclear maturation of the red blood cells. Folic acid is converted into tetrahydrofolic acid in the body and is used in the red blood cell formation (erythropoiesis) for the synthesis of nucleic acids (DNA). Vitamin B₁₂ is also termed as cyanocobalamin that helps in the production and functioning of the normal erythropoiesis.

Deficiency of iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂ leads to various types of anemia.

Conclusion

The maturation of the nucleus and cytoplasm of the red blood cells during erythropoiesis is carried out by the components such as iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂. Thus, these components are very essential for the normal functions of the body and their deficiency leads to immature formation of blood cells.

Answer 6

Chapter 54, Problem 1O

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The importance of vitamin B₁₂, folic acid, and iron in the formation of blood cells.

Concept introduction:

The development and formation of blood cells in the bone marrow are termed as hematopoiesis. This process includes the production of leukocytes (white blood cells), erythrocytes (red blood cells), and thrombocytes. These blood cells are produced in the bone marrow or myeloid tissues. Iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂ play an important role in the maturation of the red blood cells.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The red blood cells are manufactured in the bone marrow and are released into circulation in the form of immature red blood cells. Iron is an important component for the production of blood cells and is called hemoglobin. Hemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood to transfer oxygen to all parts of the body from the lungs. Iron helps in the cytoplasmic maturation of the red blood cells.

Folic acid and vitamin B₁₂ help in the nuclear maturation of the red blood cells. Folic acid is converted into tetrahydrofolic acid in the body and is used in the red blood cell formation (erythropoiesis) for the synthesis of nucleic acids (DNA). Vitamin B₁₂ is also termed as cyanocobalamin that helps in the production and functioning of the normal erythropoiesis.

Deficiency of iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂ leads to various types of anemia.

Conclusion

The maturation of the nucleus and cytoplasm of the red blood cells during erythropoiesis is carried out by the components such as iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂. Thus, these components are very essential for the normal functions of the body and their deficiency leads to immature formation of blood cells.

Answer 7

Chapter 54, Problem 1O

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The importance of vitamin B₁₂, folic acid, and iron in the formation of blood cells.

Concept introduction:

The development and formation of blood cells in the bone marrow are termed as hematopoiesis. This process includes the production of leukocytes (white blood cells), erythrocytes (red blood cells), and thrombocytes. These blood cells are produced in the bone marrow or myeloid tissues. Iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂ play an important role in the maturation of the red blood cells.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The red blood cells are manufactured in the bone marrow and are released into circulation in the form of immature red blood cells. Iron is an important component for the production of blood cells and is called hemoglobin. Hemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood to transfer oxygen to all parts of the body from the lungs. Iron helps in the cytoplasmic maturation of the red blood cells.

Folic acid and vitamin B₁₂ help in the nuclear maturation of the red blood cells. Folic acid is converted into tetrahydrofolic acid in the body and is used in the red blood cell formation (erythropoiesis) for the synthesis of nucleic acids (DNA). Vitamin B₁₂ is also termed as cyanocobalamin that helps in the production and functioning of the normal erythropoiesis.

Deficiency of iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂ leads to various types of anemia.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Conclusion

The maturation of the nucleus and cytoplasm of the red blood cells during erythropoiesis is carried out by the components such as iron, folic acid, and vitamin B₁₂. Thus, these components are very essential for the normal functions of the body and their deficiency leads to immature formation of blood cells.

Answer 12

Ch. 54 - Prob. 1O Ch. 54 - Prob. 2O Ch. 54 - Prob. 3O Ch. 54 - Prob. 4O Ch. 54 - Prob. 1CS Ch. 54 - Prob. 1NERQ Ch. 54 - Prob. 2NERQ Ch. 54 - Prob. 3NERQ Ch. 54 - Prob. 4NERQ Ch. 54 - Prob. 5NERQ

Explanation of Solution

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Chapter 54 Solutions