Thermodynamically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined. Concept introduction: Thermodynamic stability can be represented as Δ G 0 . Depend upon the value of Δ G 0 it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant. If Δ G 0 is negative, then the product is thermodynamically stable compared with the reactant. If Δ G 0 is positive, then the product is thermodynamically unstable compared with the reactant In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes. In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 5.10, Problem 29P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Thermodynamically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Thermodynamic stability can be represented as ΔG0. Depend upon the value of ΔG0 it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG0 is negative, then the product is thermodynamically stable compared with the reactant.

If ΔG0 is positive, then the product is thermodynamically unstable compared with the reactant

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Most kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Kinetic stability can be represented as ΔG∓. Depend upon the value of ΔG∓ it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG∓ is large, then the reactant is kinetically stable because it reacts slowly.

If ΔG∓ is small, then the reactant is kinetically unstable because it reacts rapidly.

If ΔG∓ for the reverse reaction is large then he product is kinetically stable, similarly if it is small then the product is kinetically unstable.

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Least kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Kinetic stability can be represented as ΔG∓. Depend upon the value of ΔG∓ it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG∓ is large, then the reactant is kinetically stable because it reacts slowly.

If ΔG∓ is small, then the reactant is kinetically unstable because it reacts rapidly.

If ΔG∓ for the reverse reaction is large then he product is kinetically stable, similarly if it is small then the product is kinetically unstable.

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

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Consider a solution of 0.00304 moles of 4-nitrobenzoic acid (pKa = 3.442) dissolved in 25 mL water and titrated with 0.0991 M NaOH. Calculate the pH at the equivalence point

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 5.10, Problem 29P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Thermodynamically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Thermodynamic stability can be represented as ΔG0. Depend upon the value of ΔG0 it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG0 is negative, then the product is thermodynamically stable compared with the reactant.

If ΔG0 is positive, then the product is thermodynamically unstable compared with the reactant

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Most kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Kinetic stability can be represented as ΔG∓. Depend upon the value of ΔG∓ it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG∓ is large, then the reactant is kinetically stable because it reacts slowly.

If ΔG∓ is small, then the reactant is kinetically unstable because it reacts rapidly.

If ΔG∓ for the reverse reaction is large then he product is kinetically stable, similarly if it is small then the product is kinetically unstable.

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Least kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Kinetic stability can be represented as ΔG∓. Depend upon the value of ΔG∓ it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG∓ is large, then the reactant is kinetically stable because it reacts slowly.

If ΔG∓ is small, then the reactant is kinetically unstable because it reacts rapidly.

If ΔG∓ for the reverse reaction is large then he product is kinetically stable, similarly if it is small then the product is kinetically unstable.

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 5.10, Problem 29P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Thermodynamically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Thermodynamic stability can be represented as ΔG0. Depend upon the value of ΔG0 it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG0 is negative, then the product is thermodynamically stable compared with the reactant.

If ΔG0 is positive, then the product is thermodynamically unstable compared with the reactant

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Most kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Kinetic stability can be represented as ΔG∓. Depend upon the value of ΔG∓ it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG∓ is large, then the reactant is kinetically stable because it reacts slowly.

If ΔG∓ is small, then the reactant is kinetically unstable because it reacts rapidly.

If ΔG∓ for the reverse reaction is large then he product is kinetically stable, similarly if it is small then the product is kinetically unstable.

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Least kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Kinetic stability can be represented as ΔG∓. Depend upon the value of ΔG∓ it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG∓ is large, then the reactant is kinetically stable because it reacts slowly.

If ΔG∓ is small, then the reactant is kinetically unstable because it reacts rapidly.

If ΔG∓ for the reverse reaction is large then he product is kinetically stable, similarly if it is small then the product is kinetically unstable.

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 5.10, Problem 29P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Thermodynamically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Thermodynamic stability can be represented as ΔG0. Depend upon the value of ΔG0 it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG0 is negative, then the product is thermodynamically stable compared with the reactant.

If ΔG0 is positive, then the product is thermodynamically unstable compared with the reactant

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Most kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Kinetic stability can be represented as ΔG∓. Depend upon the value of ΔG∓ it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG∓ is large, then the reactant is kinetically stable because it reacts slowly.

If ΔG∓ is small, then the reactant is kinetically unstable because it reacts rapidly.

If ΔG∓ for the reverse reaction is large then he product is kinetically stable, similarly if it is small then the product is kinetically unstable.

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Least kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Kinetic stability can be represented as ΔG∓. Depend upon the value of ΔG∓ it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG∓ is large, then the reactant is kinetically stable because it reacts slowly.

If ΔG∓ is small, then the reactant is kinetically unstable because it reacts rapidly.

If ΔG∓ for the reverse reaction is large then he product is kinetically stable, similarly if it is small then the product is kinetically unstable.

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 5.10, Problem 29P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Thermodynamically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Thermodynamic stability can be represented as ΔG0. Depend upon the value of ΔG0 it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG0 is negative, then the product is thermodynamically stable compared with the reactant.

If ΔG0 is positive, then the product is thermodynamically unstable compared with the reactant

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Most kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Kinetic stability can be represented as ΔG∓. Depend upon the value of ΔG∓ it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG∓ is large, then the reactant is kinetically stable because it reacts slowly.

If ΔG∓ is small, then the reactant is kinetically unstable because it reacts rapidly.

If ΔG∓ for the reverse reaction is large then he product is kinetically stable, similarly if it is small then the product is kinetically unstable.

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Least kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Kinetic stability can be represented as ΔG∓. Depend upon the value of ΔG∓ it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG∓ is large, then the reactant is kinetically stable because it reacts slowly.

If ΔG∓ is small, then the reactant is kinetically unstable because it reacts rapidly.

If ΔG∓ for the reverse reaction is large then he product is kinetically stable, similarly if it is small then the product is kinetically unstable.

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

Answer 6

Chapter 5.10, Problem 29P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Thermodynamically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Thermodynamic stability can be represented as ΔG0. Depend upon the value of ΔG0 it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG0 is negative, then the product is thermodynamically stable compared with the reactant.

If ΔG0 is positive, then the product is thermodynamically unstable compared with the reactant

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

Answer 7

Chapter 5.10, Problem 29P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Thermodynamically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Thermodynamic stability can be represented as ΔG0. Depend upon the value of ΔG0 it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG0 is negative, then the product is thermodynamically stable compared with the reactant.

If ΔG0 is positive, then the product is thermodynamically unstable compared with the reactant

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Most kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Kinetic stability can be represented as ΔG∓. Depend upon the value of ΔG∓ it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG∓ is large, then the reactant is kinetically stable because it reacts slowly.

If ΔG∓ is small, then the reactant is kinetically unstable because it reacts rapidly.

If ΔG∓ for the reverse reaction is large then he product is kinetically stable, similarly if it is small then the product is kinetically unstable.

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Most kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Kinetic stability can be represented as ΔG∓. Depend upon the value of ΔG∓ it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG∓ is large, then the reactant is kinetically stable because it reacts slowly.

If ΔG∓ is small, then the reactant is kinetically unstable because it reacts rapidly.

If ΔG∓ for the reverse reaction is large then he product is kinetically stable, similarly if it is small then the product is kinetically unstable.

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Least kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Kinetic stability can be represented as ΔG∓. Depend upon the value of ΔG∓ it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG∓ is large, then the reactant is kinetically stable because it reacts slowly.

If ΔG∓ is small, then the reactant is kinetically unstable because it reacts rapidly.

If ΔG∓ for the reverse reaction is large then he product is kinetically stable, similarly if it is small then the product is kinetically unstable.

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Least kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Kinetic stability can be represented as ΔG∓. Depend upon the value of ΔG∓ it is possible to find stability of the product compared with the reactant.

If ΔG∓ is large, then the reactant is kinetically stable because it reacts slowly.

If ΔG∓ is small, then the reactant is kinetically unstable because it reacts rapidly.

If ΔG∓ for the reverse reaction is large then he product is kinetically stable, similarly if it is small then the product is kinetically unstable.

In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.

In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 5.1 - What is the molecular formula for each of the...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 4P Ch. 5.1 - Determine the degree of unsaturation and then draw...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 6P Ch. 5.2 - What is each compounds systematic name?Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 8P Ch. 5.2 - Draw the structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 5.3 - How many carbons are in the planar double-bond...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 12P Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 13P

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