Biology: Life on Earth
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321729712
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: Benjamin Cummings
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Chapter 5, Problem 8RQ
Imagine a container of glucose solution, divided into two compartments (A and B) by a membrane that is permeable to both water and glucose. If some glucose is added to compartment A, how will the contents of compartment B change? Explain.
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A red blood cell with an intracellular fluid (ICF) concentration of 280 mmol/L, is placed into an environment
were the concentration of the extracellular fluid (ECF) is 305 mmol/L. As a result, water will move across the
cell/plasma membrane.
a) Name the process by which water moves
b) Describe the overall direction of movement of the water. Answer choices: (i) From outside the cell to inside
the cell (ii) From inside the cell to outside the cell, or (iii) Equally, into and out of the cell
iii Explain your reasoning for your answer to part (c). 1In your answer you must describe the environment on
both sides of the membrane, and use 3 of the following 4 terms correctly; hypertonic, hypotonic, lower solute
concentration, higher solute concentrationn (2pts
-Correct use of biological terminology, and correct spelling is essential.
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The intracellular salt content of a red blood cell is about 150 mM. The cell is put in a 500 mM salt beaker. (a) Describe what will happen to the cell in terms of osmosis if the cell membrane is permeable to water but not to ions. (b) Which direction would solutes diff use if the membrane was permeable to ions: into or out of the cell?
DO NOT COPY THE ANSWER FROM THE SAME QUESTION.
Sassa, a biology professor, wanted to demonstrate to her students the applicability of a dialyzing membrane (DM) as a model for the cell membrane by enclosing an aqueous solution in a DM bag and immersing in a beaker containing a different solution. Substances available which are permeable to the DM include 0.02 M NaCl, 0.03 M glucose, and 0.01 M glucose. The only substance available which is completely impermeable to the DM is the 0.01 M lactose. Using the substances given and materials such as a beaker, stirring rod, and string, draw ONLY ONE set-up that can be demonstrated by Ms. Sassa that will satisfy ALL of the following conditions:a. No solute will exhibit a net diffusion out of the cell.b. Glucose will exhibit a net diffusion into the cell.c. NaCl will exhibit a zero net d. No net movement of lactose from the inside to outside of the cell.
Make sure to label properly the substance inside the beaker and inside the DM bag.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth
Ch. 5 -
1. Membranes consist of a bilayer of ________....Ch. 5 - A membrane that is permeable to some substances...Ch. 5 - Facilitated diffusion involves either _____...Ch. 5 - Prob. 4FTBCh. 5 -
5. After each molecule, place the two-word term...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6FTBCh. 5 - Describe and diagram the structure of a plasma...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2RQCh. 5 - What are the five categories of proteins commonly...Ch. 5 - Prob. 4RQ
Ch. 5 -
5. Define hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic....Ch. 5 -
6. Describe the following types of transport...Ch. 5 - Name the protein that allows facilitated diffusion...Ch. 5 - Imagine a container of glucose solution, divided...Ch. 5 - Prob. 9RQCh. 5 -
1. Different cells have different plasma...Ch. 5 - Predict and sketch the configuration of...Ch. 5 - The fluid portion of blood, in which red blood...Ch. 5 - Some cells in the nervous system wrap themselves...
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- Assume a cell has an osmolarity of 10 mM. What will happen to that cell (swell, shrink, or stay the same) if it is placed in a solution of: a) 5 mM glucose b) 10 mM glucose c) 10 mM NaClarrow_forwardTwo NaCl solutions, Solution A and Solution B, are separated by a selectively permeable membrane. You observe that the movement of solvent is from Solution B to Solution A. Which solution initially had the higher salt concentration? Question 2 options: a) solution A b) solution B c) Neitherarrow_forwardA red blood cell has an internal salt concentration of ∼150 mM. The cell is placed in a beaker of 500 mM salt. Solve, (a) Assuming the cell membrane is permeable to water but not to ions, describe what will happen to the cell in terms of osmosis. (b) If the membrane were permeable to ions, in which direction would solutes diff use: into or out of the cell?arrow_forward
- A membrane consists of 50% protein by weight and 50% phosphoglycerides by weight. The average molecular weight of the lipids is 800 Da, and the average molecular weight of the proteins is 50,000 Da. Calculate the molar ratio of lipid to protein.arrow_forwardA lab made cell consisting of an aqueous solution enclosed in a semipermeable membrane is immersed in a beaker containing a different aqueous solution. The cell membrane is permeable ONLY to water, glucose and fructose. What net movement across the cell membrane is expected if the solutions inside the cell and surrounding the cell have the concentrations described in the picture? Environment: "Cell"- 0.01 M sucrose 0.01 M glucose 0.01 M fructose 0.03 M sucrose 0.02 M glucose O fructose will move from the environment into the cell O glucose will move from inside the cell out O all of these are correct O fructose will move from inside the cell out O two these are correct O three of these are correct O sucrose will move from inside the cell out C F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 #3 & 关 4. 6 7 8 F 5 LL O o o oo O శ్రీarrow_forwardIf two solutions separated by a semi-permeable membrane are isotonic, can you conclude that they are in chemical equilibrium?arrow_forward
- A phospholipid bilayer with equal amounts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids displays a specific permeability to glucose. What effect will increasing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in the bilayer have on the membrane's permeability to glucose?arrow_forwardAside from cholesterol, what other chemical components of the cell membrane contributes to its property of being fluid. Explain. NOTE: Please add references from different sources.arrow_forwardThe transport of a molecule is investigated using two chambers (left and right) separated by a synthetic membrane containing transport proteins. A solution containing varying concentrations of the molecule is added to the left side while pure water is added to the right. The transport rate of the molecule is determined by measuring the concentration of molecule that accumulates on the right side. The following table summarizes the transport rate of the molecule at various concentrations. Based on this you can conclude: a) the molecule is most likely transported by facilitated diffusion b) the molecule is moving across the membrane by passive transport c) the membrane is freely permeable to the molecule d) the molecule is most likely transported by active transportarrow_forward
- Red blood cells with an internal osmolarity of 300 mOsM/L are placed in a solution containing 300mOsm/L glucose. Which of the following must be TRUE about the solution? a) the solution is isosmotic b) the solution is isotonic c) both A and B d) Neither A nor Barrow_forwardExplain why, when a concentration gradient exists on two sides of membrane, that the spontaneous movement of solute molecules is from areas of high concentration towards low concentration. (hint: think of thermodynamics)arrow_forwardAssume that a beaker is divided in half by a membrane which is permeable to water only. A 0.45 M glucose solution is on one side of the membrane, and a 0.40 M NaCl solution is on the other side of the membrane. Indicate which direction would water move. Explain why the movement occurs in that direction.arrow_forward
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The Cell Membrane; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsffT7XIXbA;License: Standard youtube license