Bundle: Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach, 6th + OWLv2, 1 term (6 months) Printed Access Card
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305717367
Author: Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 6E
The brilliance with which magnesium burns makes it ideal for use in marine flares and fireworks. Compare the mass of magnesium that burns with the mass of magnesium in the magnesium oxide ash that forms. Explain this in terms of atomic theory.
The white light in fireworks can
result from burning magnesium.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Please answer #1 and #2
Two main-group elements are highlighted in the outline of the Periodic Table below:
What can you say about these elements without knowing exactly which they are? Use that knowledge to answer the questions in the following table, if possible.
Important: do not try to figure out exactly which elements are marked, and then use your knowledge of the properties of each specific element. You don't need
to. You will also be marked wrong for any answer, correct or not, that can't be determined from the rough location of each marked element in the Periodic Table.
Element X
Element Y
Which element in the gas phase is
more likely to glow green or yellow in
a flame?
X 5
O Can't say without more information.
O Element X
Which element is more likely to form
an ionic compound with chlorine?
O Element Y
O Can't say without more information.
O Element X
Which element in the solid state is
probably brittle, so that it breaks
before bending?
Element Y
Can't say without more information.
Explanation
Check
Given the following information, determine which element of the periodic table is being described as element “X.” Report your answer. Explain your reasoning by addressing each piece of evidence given.
a. Element “X” is not a gas at room temperature and is best described as a metal in its only allotrope (elemental form).
b. When element “X” forms a cation, its atomic radius is smaller than that of neon (Ne) however, it is notable that element “X” does not form anions as partners in ionic compounds.
c. The 1st ionization energy of element “X” is greater than that of atomic aluminum (Al).
d. When element “X” is degraded in the presence of hydrogen chloride (HCl), a reaction ensues leaving an amorphous colorless substance. When analyzed, this substance is found to have formed in a 1:2 mole ratio of element “X” : chlorine. Once refined, this substance is useful as a cofactor in the PCR process for DNA amplification.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Bundle: Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach, 6th + OWLv2, 1 term (6 months) Printed Access Card
Ch. 5 - Prob. 1ECh. 5 - List the major points in Daltons atomic theory.Ch. 5 - Show that the Daltons atomic theory explains the...Ch. 5 - How does Daltons atomic theory account for the Law...Ch. 5 - The chemical name for limestone, a compound of...Ch. 5 - The brilliance with which magnesium burns makes it...Ch. 5 - Sulfur and fluorine form at least two compounds...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8ECh. 5 - Advances in technology and science often progress...Ch. 5 - When J. J. Thomson measured the deflection of a...
Ch. 5 - Prob. 11ECh. 5 - What is meant by stating that the charge of an...Ch. 5 - How can we account for the fact that, in the...Ch. 5 - How can we account for the fact that most of the...Ch. 5 - What do we call the central part of an atom?Ch. 5 - What major conclusions were drawn from the...Ch. 5 - Describe the activity of electrons according to...Ch. 5 - The Rutherford experiment was performed and its...Ch. 5 - Compare the three major parts of an atom in charge...Ch. 5 - Prob. 20ECh. 5 - Can two different elements have the same atomic...Ch. 5 - Compare the number of protons and electrons in an...Ch. 5 - Explain why isotopes of different elements can...Ch. 5 - How many protons, neutrons and electrons are there...Ch. 5 - Prob. 25ECh. 5 - What advantage does the atomic mass unit have over...Ch. 5 - What is an atomic mass unit?Ch. 5 - The mass of an average atom of a certain element...Ch. 5 - The average mass of boron atoms is 10.81u. How...Ch. 5 - The atomic masses of the natural isotopes of neon...Ch. 5 - A certain element consists of two stable isotopes....Ch. 5 - The mass of 60.4 of the atoms of an element is...Ch. 5 - Isotopic data for boron allow the calculation of...Ch. 5 - Questions 31 through 36: Percentage abundances and...Ch. 5 - Questions 31 through 36: Percentage abundances and...Ch. 5 - Questions 31 through 36: Percentage abundances and...Ch. 5 - Questions 31 through 36: Percentage abundances and...Ch. 5 - Questions 31 through 36: Percentage abundances and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 40ECh. 5 - How many elements are in Period 5 of the periodic...Ch. 5 - Write the symbol of the element in each given...Ch. 5 - Prob. 43ECh. 5 - List the symbols of the elements of each of the...Ch. 5 - Using only a periodic table for reference, list...Ch. 5 - Prob. 46ECh. 5 - Write the atomic masses of helium and aluminum.Ch. 5 - Prob. 48ECh. 5 - Prob. 49ECh. 5 - Prob. 50ECh. 5 - Prob. 51ECh. 5 - Determine whether each statement that follows is...Ch. 5 - Prob. 53ECh. 5 - Sodium oxide and sodium peroxide are two compounds...Ch. 5 - Prob. 55ECh. 5 - The CRC Handbook, a large reference book of...Ch. 5 - The element lanthanum has two stable isotopes,...Ch. 5 - The atomic mass of lithium on a periodic table is...Ch. 5 - Prob. 59ECh. 5 - Prob. 60ECh. 5 - Prob. 61ECh. 5 - Prob. 62ECh. 5 - Prob. 5.1TCCh. 5 - Prob. 5.2TCCh. 5 - Prob. 5.3TCCh. 5 - Prob. 5.4TCCh. 5 - Prob. 5.5TCCh. 5 - Write a brief description of the relationships...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2CLECh. 5 - Prob. 3CLECh. 5 - Prob. 4CLECh. 5 - Prob. 5CLECh. 5 - Prob. 6CLECh. 5 - Prob. 7CLECh. 5 - What is the number of each type of subatomic...Ch. 5 - Naturally occurring lithium is composed of two...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3PECh. 5 - Prob. 4PECh. 5 - Prob. 5PE
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Classify the following as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids: a.argon b.element 3 c.Ge d.boron e.Pmarrow_forwardOne of the best indications of a useful theory is that it raises more questions for further experimentation than it originally answered. Does this apply to Daltons atomic theory? Give examples.arrow_forwardBased on periodic table position, select the two elements in each set of elements that would be expected to have similar chemical properties. a. 19K, 29Cu, 37Rb, 41Nb b. 13Al, 14Si, 15P, 33As c. 9F, 40Zr, 50Sn, 53I d. 11Na, 12Mg, 54Xe, 55Csarrow_forward
- For each of the following sets of elements, label each as either noble gases, halogens, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, or transition metals. a. Ti, Fe, Ag b. Mg, Sr, Ba c. Li, K., Rb d. Ne, Kr, Xe e. F, Br, Iarrow_forwardGroup the following elements into three similar groups of two each: Na, O, Ne, Li, Ar, Sarrow_forwardDetermine whether each statement that follows is true or false: a Electron energies are quantized in excited states but not in the ground state. b Line spectra of the elements are experimental evidence of the quantization of electron energies. c Energy is released as an electron passes from ground state to an excited state. d The energy of an electron may be between two quantized energy levels. e The Bohr model explanation of line spectra is still thought to be correct. f The quantum mechanical model of the atom describes orbitals in which electrons travel around the nucleus. g Orbitals are regions in which there is a high probability of finding an electron. h All energy sublevels have the same number of orbitals. i The 3p orbitals of an atom are larger than its 2p orbitals but smaller than its 4p orbitals. j At a given sublevel, the maximum number of d electrons is 5. k The halogens are found in Group 7A/17 of the periodic table. l The dot structure of the alkaline earths is X, where X is the symbol of element in the family. m Stable ions formed by alkaline earth metals are isoelectronic with noble gas atoms. n Atomic numbers 23 and 45 both belong to transition elements. o Atomic number 52, 35, and 18 are arranged in order of increasing atomic size. p Atomic number 7, 16, and 35 are all nonmetals.arrow_forward
- Which statement is true of the quantum mechanical model, but not of the Bohr model? a. Electrons orbit the nucleus in simple circular orbits, just like planets orbit the Sun. b. The exact path that an electron follows within an atom cannot be specified. c. The electron is attracted to the nucleus of the atom.arrow_forwardWe have seen that the reactivity of an element is determined by its electron configuration. What is the electron configuration of the ion Cl-? (Hint: You must add one additional electron beyond the number of electrons that chlorine would normally have.) How does its reactivity compare with neutral Cl? How would the reactivities of Na and Na+ compare?arrow_forwardIn the periodic table, elements are organized based on their atomic numbers and properties. One of the most significant features of the periodic table is the periodicity in the properties of elements. For example, elements in the same group often exhibit similar chemical behaviors due to having the same number of valence electrons. Consider the halogens, which include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine. These elements are found in Group 17 and are known for their high reactivity, particularly with alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, forming salts. Their reactivity decreases as you move down the group. Which of the following statements best explains the reason for the decreasing reactivity of halogens as you move down Group 17? A. The atomic radius decreases, making it harder for the halogens to gain electrons. B. The atomic radius increases, making it easier for the halogens to gain electrons. C. The ionization energy increases, making it easier for the…arrow_forward
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