1 Chemical Tools Experimentation And Measurement 2 Atoms, Molecules, And Ions 3 Mass Relationships In Chemical Reactions 4 Reactions In Aqueous Solution 5 Periodicity And The Electronic Structure Of Atoms 6 Ionic Compounds Periodic Trends And Bonding Theory 7 Covalent Bonding And Electron-dot Structures 8 Covalent Compounds Bonding Theories And Molecular Structure 9 Thermochemistry Chemical Energy 10 Gases Their Properties And Behavior 11 Liquids And Phase Changes 12 Solids And Solid-state Materials 13 Solutions And Their Properties 14 Chemical Kinetics 15 Chemical Equilibrium 16 Aqueous Equilibria: Acids And Bases 17 Applications Of Aqueous Equilibria 18 Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy, And Spontaneity 19 Electrochemistry 20 Nuclear Chemistry 21 Transition Elements And Coordination Chemistry 22 The Main-group Elements 23 Organic And Biological Chemistry expand_more
Chapter Questions expand_more
Problem 5.1P: What is the wavelength in meters of an FM radio wave with frequency v=102.5MHz ? Problem 5.2A: Conceptual APPLY 5.2 Two electromagnetic waves are represented below.
(a) Which wave has the higher... Problem 5.3P: PRACTICE 5.3 The biological effects of a given dose of electromagnetic energy generally become more... Problem 5.4A Problem 5.5P Problem 5.6A: Conceptual APPLY 5.6 Compare the two elements Rb and Ag. (a) Which element do you predict to have a... Problem 5.7P: PRACTICE 5.7 The Balmer equation can be extended beyond the visible portion of the electromagnetic... Problem 5.8A: APPLY 5.8 (a) What is the longest-wavelength line in nanometers in the infrared series for hydrogen... Problem 5.9P Problem 5.10A Problem 5.11P: Give the or bital notation for an electron in an orbital with the quantum numbers: n=4,l=3,m1=2 Problem 5.12A: APPLY 5.10 Extend Table 5.2 to show allowed combinations of quantum numbers when n = 5. How many... Problem 5.13P: Conceptual PRACTICE 5.13 Give a possible combination of n and I quantum numbers for the following... Problem 5.14A: Conceptual APPLY 5.14 How many nodal planes through the nucleus do you think a g orbital has? Problem 5.15P: Give the expected ground state electron configuration for Ti(Z=22) , and draw an orbital-filling... Problem 5.16A: Conceptual APPLY 5.16 Identify the atoms with the following ground-state electron configuration: (a)... Problem 5.17P: Order the atoms from smallest to largest: Cs, SiSn. Problem 5.18A: APPLY 5.18 Predict which bond length will be the longest: C — F, C — I, C — Br. Problem 5.19P: What percentage of electrical energy is converted to light energy in (a) an incandescent bulb? (b) a... Problem 5.20P Problem 5.21P: (a) How is the emission spectrum from the triphosphor in the fluorescent bulb different than the... Problem 5.22P: PROBLEM 5.19 Mercury vapor is contained inside the fluorescent bulb. (a) Use the periodic table on... Problem 5.23P: PROBLEM 5.20 When electricity is used to add energy to the mercury atoms, an electron in a 6s... Problem 5.24P: Atomic emission spectra arise from electron transitions from higher-energy orbitals to lower-energy... Problem 5.25P: PROBLEM 5.22 Three different wavelengths in the line spectrum for mercury and three electronic... Problem 5.26CP: Two electromagnetic waves are represented below. (a) Which wave has the greater intensity? (b) Which... Problem 5.27CP: The following diagram shows the energy levels of the different shells in the hydrogen atom. (a)... Problem 5.28CP: Identify each of the following orbitals, and give n and I quantum numbers for each. Problem 5.29CP: Where on the blank outline of the periodic table do elements that meet the following descriptions... Problem 5.30CP: One of the elements shown on the following periodic table has an anomalous ground-state electron... Problem 5.31CP: What atom has the following orbital-filling diagram? [Ar] Problem 5.32CP: The following orbital-filling diagram represents an excited state rather than the ground state of an... Problem 5.33CP Problem 5.34SP: Which has the higher frequency, red light or violet light? Which has the longer wavelength? Which... Problem 5.35SP Problem 5.36SP: The Hubble Space Telescope detects electromagnetic energy in the wavelength range 1.15107 m to... Problem 5.37SP Problem 5.38SP: What is the wavelength in meters of ultraviolet light with v=5.51015s1 ? Problem 5.39SP: What is the frequency of a microwave with =4.33103m ? Problem 5.40SP: A certain cellular telephone transmits at a frequency of 825MHz and receives at a frequency of 875... Problem 5.41SP: Optical fibers allow the fast transmission of vast amounts of data. In one type of fiber, the... Problem 5.42SP: Calculate the energies of the following waves in kilojoules permole, and tell which member of each... Problem 5.43SP: The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) body scanners used in hospitals operate with 400 MHz radio... Problem 5.44SP: What is the wavelength in meters of photons with the following energies? In what region of the... Problem 5.45SP: What is the energy of each of the following photons in kilo-joules per mole? (a) v=5.971019s-1(b)... Problem 5.46SP: You’re probably familiar with using Scotch rape for wrapping presents but may not know that it can... Problem 5.47SP: Hard wintergreen-flavored candies are triboluminescent,meaning that they emit flashes of light when... Problem 5.48SP Problem 5.49SP: Photochromic sunglasses, which darken when exposed to light, contain a small amount of colorless... Problem 5.50SP Problem 5.51SP Problem 5.52SP: The work function of cesium metal is 188 kJ/mol, which corresponds to light with a wavelength of 637... Problem 5.53SP Problem 5.54SP: The work function of silver metal is 436 kJ/mol. What frequency of light is needed to eject... Problem 5.55SP: Cesium metal is frequently used in photoelectric cells because the amount of energy necessary to... Problem 5.56SP: Spectroscopy is a technique that uses the interaction of radiant energy with matter to identify or... Problem 5.57SP Problem 5.58SP: According to the equation for the Balmer line spectrum of hydrogen, a value of n=3 gives a red... Problem 5.59SP: According to the equation for the Balmer line spectrum of hydrogen, a value of n=4 gives a red... Problem 5.60SP: Calculate the wavelength and energy in kilojoules necessary to completely remove an electron from... Problem 5.61SP: Calculate the wavelength and energy in kilojoules necessary to completely remove an electron from... Problem 5.62SP: One series of lines of the hydrogen spectrum is caused by emission of energy accompanying the fall... Problem 5.63SP: One series of lines of the hydrogen spectrum is caused bye mission of energy accompanying the fall... Problem 5.64SP: Use the Balmer equation to calculate the wavelength in nano-meters of the spectral line for hydrogen... Problem 5.65SP Problem 5.66SP: Protons and electrons can be given very high energies in particleaccelerators. What is the... Problem 5.67SP: What is the wavelength in meters of a proton (mass=1.6731024g) that has been accelerated to 1% of... Problem 5.68SP: What is the de Broglie wavelength in meters of a base ball weighing 145 g and traveling at 156km/h?... Problem 5.69SP: What is the de Brogue wavelength in meters of a mosquito weighing 1.55 mg and flying at 1.38 m/s?... Problem 5.70SP: At what speed in meters per second must a 145 g baseball be traveling to have a de Brogue wavelength... Problem 5.71SP: What velocity would an electron (mass=9.111031kg) need for its de Brogue wavelength to be that of... Problem 5.72SP: Use the Heisenberg uncertainty principle to calculate the uncertainty in meters in the position of a... Problem 5.73SP: The mass of a helium atom is 40026 amu, and its average velocity at 25 °C is 1.36103m/s . What is... Problem 5.74SP: What is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, and how does it affect our description of atomic... Problem 5.75SP: Why do we have to use an arbitrary value such as 90% to determine the spatial limitations of an... Problem 5.76SP: What are the four quantum numbers, and what does each specify? Problem 5.77SP: Tell which of the following combinations of quantum numbers are not allowed. Explain your answers.... Problem 5.78SP: Give the allowable combinations of quantum numbers for each of the following electrons. (a) A 4s... Problem 5.79SP: Give the orbital designations of electrons with the following quantum numbers. (a) n=3,l=0,m1=0(b)... Problem 5.80SP: Which of the following combinations of quantum numbers can refer to an electron in a ground-state... Problem 5.81SP: Which of the following combinations of quantum numbers can refer to an electron in a ground-state... Problem 5.82SP: What is the maximum number of electrons in an atom whose highest-energy electrons have the principal... Problem 5.83SP: What is the maximum number of electrons in an atom whose highest-energy electrons have the principal... Problem 5.84SP: Sodium atoms emit light with a wavelength of 330 nm when an electron moves from a 4p orbital to a 3s... Problem 5.85SP Problem 5.86SP Problem 5.87SP: Assign a set of four quantum numbers to each electron in oxygen. Problem 5.88SP: Assign a set of four quantum numbers for the outer most two electrons in Sr. Problem 5.89SP: Which of the following is a valid set of four quantum numbers for a d electron in Mo? (a)... Problem 5.90SP Problem 5.91SP Problem 5.92SP Problem 5.93SP Problem 5.94SP Problem 5.95SP Problem 5.96SP: Order the electrons in the following orbitals according to their shielding ability: 4s, 4d, 4f, Problem 5.97SP: Order the following elements according to increasing Zeff: Ca, Se, Kr, K. Problem 5.98SP Problem 5.99SP Problem 5.100SP: Which orbital in each of the following pairs is higher in energy? (a) 5por 5d(b)4sor3p (c) 6sor4d Problem 5.101SP: Order the orbitals for a multi electron atom in each of the following lists according to increasing... Problem 5.102SP: According to the aufbau principle, which orbital is filled immediately after each of the following... Problem 5.103SP: According to the autbau principle, which orbital is filled immediately before each of the following?... Problem 5.104SP: Give the expected ground-state electron configurations for the following elements. (a) Ti(b) Ru (c)... Problem 5.105SP: Give the expected ground-state electron configurations for atoms with the following atomic numbers.... Problem 5.106SP: Draw orbital-filling diagrams for the following atoms. Show each electron as an up or down arrow,... Problem 5.107SP: Draw orbital-filling diagrams for atoms with the following atomic numbers. Show each electron as an... Problem 5.108SP: How many unpaired electrons are present in each of the following ground-state atoms? (a) O (b) Si... Problem 5.109SP: Identify the following atoms. (a) It has the ground-state electron configuration [Ar]4s23d104p1 .... Problem 5.110SP Problem 5.111SP: Given the sub shells 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p and 3d, identify those that meet the following descriptions.... Problem 5.112SP Problem 5.113SP Problem 5.114SP: Take a guess. What do you think is a likely ground-state electron configuration for the sodium ion,... Problem 5.115SP: Take a guess. What is a likely ground-state electron Configuration for the chloride ion, Cl formed... Problem 5.116SP Problem 5.117SP Problem 5.118SP Problem 5.119SP Problem 5.120SP Problem 5.121SP Problem 5.122SP Problem 5.123SP: Which atom in each of the following pairs has a larger radius? (a) CorGe(b) NiorPt (c) Snor I(d) Na... Problem 5.124MP: Orbital energies in single-electron atoms or ions, such as He+ ,can be described with an equation... Problem 5.125MP: Like He+ , the Li2+ ion is a single-electron system (Problem5.124). What wavelength of light in... Problem 5.126MP Problem 5.127MP: Draw orbital-filling diagrams for the following atoms. Show each electron as an up or down arrow,... Problem 5.128MP: The atomic radii of Y (180 pm) and Li (187 pm) are significantly different, but the radii of Zr (160... Problem 5.129MP Problem 5.130MP Problem 5.131MP Problem 5.132MP: The amount of energy necessary to remove an electron from an atom is a quantity called the... Problem 5.133MP Problem 5.134MP Problem 5.135MP Problem 5.136MP: A minimum energy of 7.211019J is required to produce the photoelectric effect in chromium metal. (a)... Problem 5.137MP Problem 5.138MP: An energetically excited hydrogen atom has its electron in a5f sub shell. The electron drops down to... Problem 5.139MP format_list_bulleted