Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The stereogenic centers in the given Newman projection are to be located and labeled as
Concept introduction: A carbon atom that has four nonequivalent atoms or groups attached to it is known as chiral carbon atom. Chiral carbon centers are also called as asymmetric or stereogenic centers.
The naming of chiral center and geometric isomers are based on Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules. If the priority assigned to each group attached to the chirality center in a molecule is in a clockwise direction, then it is the R-stereoisomer, and if this is counter-clockwise, then it is the S-stereoisomer. R and S-stereoisomer are mirror images of each other.
(b)
Interpretation: The stereogenic centers in the given Newman projection are to be located and labeled as
Concept introduction: A carbon atom that has four nonequivalent atoms or groups attached to it is known as chiral carbon atom. Chiral carbon centers are also called as asymmetric or stereogenic centers.
The naming of chiral center and geometric isomers are based on Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules. If the priority assigned to each group attached to the chirality center in a molecule is in a clockwise direction, then it is the R-stereoisomer, and if this is counter-clockwise, then it is the S-stereoisomer. R and S-stereoisomer are mirror images of each other.
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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- Drawn are four isomeric dimethylcyclopropanes. a.How are the compounds in each pair related (enantiomers, diastereomers, constitutional isomers): A and B; A and C; B and C; C and D? b.Label each compound as chiral or achiral. c.Which compounds alone would be optically active? d.Which compounds have a plane of symmetry? e.How do the boiling points of the compounds in each pair compare: A and B; B and C; C and D? f.Which of the compounds are meso compounds? g.Would an equal mixture of compounds C and D be optically active? What about an equal mixture of B and C?arrow_forwardDrawn are four isomeric dimethylcyclopropanes. A B C D a. How are the compounds in each pair related (enantiomers, diastereomers, constitutional isomers): A and B; A and C; B and C; C and D? b. Label each compound as chiral or achiral. c. Which compounds, alone, would be optically active? d. Which compounds have a plane of symmetry? e. f. g. How do the boiling points of the compounds in each pair compare: A and B; B and C; C and D? Which of the compounds are meso compounds? Would an equal mixture of compounds C and D be optically active? What about an equal mixture of B and C?arrow_forward5.51 Locate the stereogenic centers in each Newman projection and label each center as R or S. 3H a. A HO CH3 S Br 1 CH=CH₂ b. но H CHO H OH CH₂CH3 Ciw 2 5.52 Draw the structure of (S,S)-ethambutol, a drug used to treat tuberculosis that is 10 times more potent tha stereoisomers. H-N CH₂CH₂Br HOarrow_forward
- Drawn are four isomeric dimethylcyclopropane. a. How are the compounds in each pair related (enantiomers, diastereomers,constitutional isomers): A and B; A and C; B and C; C and D?b. Label each compound as chiral or achiral.c. Which compounds, alone, would be optically active?d. Which compounds have a plane of symmetry?e. Which of the compounds are meso compounds?f. Would an equal mixture of compounds C and D be optically active? Whatabout an equal mixture of B and C?g. How many stereogenic centers are there for each compound?arrow_forwardCaptopril is a drug used to treat high blood pressure and congestiveheart failure.Designate each stereogenic center as R or S.arrow_forwardDraw both enantiomers of clopidogrel (trade name Plavix), a drug given to prevent the formation of blood clots in persons who have a history of stroke or coronary artery disease. Plavix is sold as a single enantiomer with the S conguration. Which enantiomer is Plavix?arrow_forward
- A is a toxin produced by the poisonous seaweed Chlorodesmis fastigiata. (a) Label each alkene that exhibits stereoisomerism as E or Z. (b) Draw a stereoisomer of A that has all Z double bonds.arrow_forwardLocate the stereogenic centers in each Newman projection and label each center as R or S.arrow_forwardConsider the ball-and-stick model of D, and label E and F as either identical to D or an enantiomer of Darrow_forward
- 6. a. Draw both chair conformations for trans-1,2-dichlorocyclohexane. Label all unfavorable interactions. b. In 1,2-disubstituted cyclohexanes, the substituents interact not just with the ring itself, but also with each other. Draw Newman projections to explain where that interaction occurs in the chairs from part a.arrow_forwardConsider the ball-and-stick models A–D. How is each pair of compounds related: (a) A and B; (b) A and C; (c) A and D; (d) C and D? Choose from identical molecules, enantiomers, or diastereomers.arrow_forwardDraw both enantiomers of clopidogrel (trade name Plavix), a drug given to prevent the formation of blood clots in persons who have a history of stroke or coronary artery disease. Plavix is sold as a single enantiomer with the S configuration. Which enantiomer is Plavix?arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning