Chapter 5, Problem 5.23P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The total force resisted by the flange bolts is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The fluid is flowing through the varying cross section and a manometer is attached to the pipe to measure the pressure in the pipe line.

The momentum balance equation is applied to calculate the force resisted by the flange bolts.

The formula for calculating the pressure at the station $1$ is,

  $P_1={\rho }_{w}gh\left(\frac{S.G_{mercury}}{S.G_{water}}-1\right)$

The momentum balance equation is,

  ${\displaystyle \sum F_x}={\displaystyle \underset{c.s}{\iint }\rho v_x\left(\overrightarrow{v}\cdot \overrightarrow{n}\right)}dA$