Reason for the differences in bond lengths of the given C − C single bonds has to be explained. Concept Introduction: Hybridization is the mixing of valence atomic orbitals to get equivalent hybridized orbitals that having similar characteristics and energy. Bond length is the distance between the nuclei in a bond and it is related to the sum of the covalent radii at the bonded atoms. sp 3 hybrid orbitals is produced by hybridization of single s-orbital and three p-orbital. sp 2 hybrid orbitals is produced by hybridization between one s-orbital and two p-orbitals. sp hybrid orbitals is produced by hybridization of single s-orbital and single p-orbital. Sigma (σ) bonds are the bonds in which shared hybrid orbital’s electron density are concentrated along the internuclear axis. Pi (π) bonds are the bonds in which shared unhybridized orbital’s (p, d, etc) electron density are concentrated in above and below of the plane of the molecule.

Question

81. a. Propose a mechanism for the following reaction: OH CH2=CHCHC=N b. What is the product of the following reaction? HO H₂O N=CCH2CH2CH OH HO CH3CCH=CH2 H₂O C=N 82. Unlike a phosphonium ylide that reacts with an aldehyde or a ketone to form an alkene a sulfonium ulia

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 5.12P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reason for the differences in bond lengths of the given C−C single bonds has to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization is the mixing of valence atomic orbitals to get equivalent hybridized orbitals that having similar characteristics and energy.

Bond length is the distance between the nuclei in a bond and it is related to the sum of the covalent radii at the bonded atoms.

sp3 hybrid orbitals is produced by hybridization of single s-orbital and three p-orbital.

sp2 hybrid orbitals is produced by hybridization between one s-orbital and two p-orbitals.

sp hybrid orbitals is produced by hybridization of single s-orbital and single p-orbital.

Sigma (σ) bonds are the bonds in which shared hybrid orbital’s electron density are concentrated along the internuclear axis.

Pi (π) bonds are the bonds in which shared unhybridized orbital’s (p, d, etc) electron density are concentrated in above and below of the plane of the molecule.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Students have asked these similar questions

81. a. Propose a mechanism for the following reaction: OH CH2=CHCHC=N b. What is the product of the following reaction? HO H₂O N=CCH2CH2CH OH HO CH3CCH=CH2 H₂O C=N 82. Unlike a phosphonium ylide that reacts with an aldehyde or a ketone to form an alkene a sulfonium ulia

For each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new CC bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. ? NH2 MgBr Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? ○ Yes ○ No MgBr ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? O Yes O No Click and drag to start drawing a structure. :☐ G x c olo Ar HE

Predicting As the lead product manager at OrganometALEKS Industries, you are trying to decide if the following reaction will make a molecule with a new C - C bond as its major product: H₂N O H 1. ? 2. H3O+ If this reaction will work, draw the major organic product or products you would expect in the drawing area below. If there's more than one major product, you can draw them in any arrangement you like. Be sure you use wedge and dash bonds if necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. 0 If the major products of this reaction won't have a new CC bond, just check the box under the drawing area and leave it blank. فا Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure.