Human Biology Custom Edition
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337631532
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 4CT
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) helps stabilize the knee joint. It is easily injured by hyperextension of the knee. How would you have to move your lower leg to cause a hyperextension injury?
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Human Biology Custom Edition
Ch. 5 - Describe the basic elements of bone tissue.Ch. 5 - What are the two types of bone tissue, and how are...Ch. 5 - Describe how bone first develops.Ch. 5 - Explain why bone remodeling is important, and give...Ch. 5 - Name the two main divisions of the skeleton.Ch. 5 - How does a tendon differ from a ligament?Ch. 5 - What are intervertebral disks made of and what is...Ch. 5 - What is a joint?Ch. 5 - What is the defining feature of a synovial joint?Ch. 5 - Prob. 1SQ
Ch. 5 - Bone tissue contains ______. a. living cells b....Ch. 5 - ______are shock pads and flex points. a. Vertebrae...Ch. 5 - The hollow center of an osteon (Haversian system)...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5SQCh. 5 - Mineralization of bone tissue requires_______. a....Ch. 5 - Bone remodeling has all of the following functions...Ch. 5 - The axial skeleton consists of the ______, while...Ch. 5 - Prob. 9SQCh. 5 - Match the terms and definitions.Ch. 5 - Growth hormone, or GH, is used medically to spur...Ch. 5 - If bleached human bones found lying in the desert...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3CTCh. 5 - The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) helps...
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- The movement during which the knees or elbows are bent to decrease the angle of the joints is known as _______________.arrow_forwardWhen the shoulder joint dislocates, it most commonly dislocates posteriorly, meaning that the joint capsule tears on the posterior side and the head of the humerus pushes partly out through the capsule. Why do you think the posterior capsule more commonly tears? (HINT: Consider the structure of the capsule and look at the ligaments of the shoulder joint.)arrow_forwardName three static stabilizers for the shoulder and explain the overall function of this group of tissues. Dynamic stabilizers consist of muscles that surround the joint and contract to produce movement. One group of these muscles is called the rotator cuff. They compress the head of the humerus into the glenoid fossa and stabilize movements in all directions. Name the four muscles of the rotator cuff. 1. 2. 3. 4.arrow_forward
- If your foot is planted and immoveable (think lug-soled boot on a muddy trail), and you are hit from behind (think mountain biker out of control), which knee ligament is more likely to be torn...the anterior cruciate ligament or the posterior cruciate ligament? Explain your answer in detail, and in particular, how the impact affects the relative movements of femur and tibia and why the ligament you chose is stretched to the breaking point by this motion. Think and explain carefully...this stuff is confusing.arrow_forwardIf you have a major injury to an appendage you may want to stop the bleeding by tying a tourniquet. Tourniquets are belt-like apparatuses that need to be applied at least 2 inches above the injury, but not on a joint. Knowing this information indicate over which blood vessel(s) you would apply the tourniquet if someone received a deep cut: In the middle of their femoral region?arrow_forwardYour x-ray exam reveals that you have fractured your fibula. Your physician remarks, "Well, it's better than breaking your tibia". explain why a fracture of the tibia would be worst than a fracture of the fibula.arrow_forward
- A man bends backward to stretch his back after a long day's labour. Which of the following features is characteristic in the thoracic vertebral column with this movement? Select one: a. Interspinous ligaments are stretched b. Intervertebral disc spaces are widened posteriorly c. Anterior longitudinal ligament is stretched d. Posterior longitudinal ligament is stretched e. Spines are separated far away from each otherarrow_forwardVisit this site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/kneesurgery) to perform a virtual knee replacementsurgery. The prosthetic knee components must be properlyaligned to function properly. How is this alignmentensured?arrow_forwardAn Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) responds to a call about a fall out of a tree. On arrival, the EMT sees a young boy lying at the bottom of the tree; his right arm is visibly deformed. The EMT suspects the arm may be broken.1. Describe the anatomical terms the EMT will use to describe the injury to the emergency department physician.2. What life function will be affected by the fall?3. The boy is right-handed; describe other life functions that may be affected by his injury.arrow_forward
- Watch this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/hipreplace) to observe hip replacement surgery (total hip arthroplasty), which can be used to alleviate the pain and loss of joint mobility associated with osteoarthritis of the hip joint. What is the most common cause of hip disability?arrow_forwardA 20-year-old man complained that he was unable to raise his right upper limb. He held it limply at his side with his forearm and hand pronated. During questioning by the physician, he stated that he had been thrown from his motorcycle approximately 2 weeks previously and that he had hit his shoulder against a tree. He also recalled that his neck felt sore shortly after the accident. Physical Examination: On examination it was found that the patient was unable to flex, abduct, or laterally rotate his arm. In addition, he lost flexion of the elbow joint. A lack of sensation was detected on the lateral surface of his arm and forearm. The physician requested radiographs of the cervical and pectoral girdle regions. Radiology Report: No fractures are seen in the cervical region, pectoral girdle, and proximal part of the humerus. Diagnosis: Injury of nerves derived from the brachial plexus. Using your anatomical knowledge of the nerve supply to the upper limb, discuss the…arrow_forwardFill in the table below with the appropriate terms. Name of a structure is directional term to Name of the second structure Example -trapezius is proximal to pectoralis major diaphragm is superior to is inferior to scalenes rectus abdominis is anterior to is distal to biceps femoris pectoralis minor is medial to is lateral to external obliquearrow_forward
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