Concept explainers
You have been called as an expert witness for a trial in which a driver has been charged with speeding but is claiming innocence. He claims to have slammed on his brakes to avoid rear-ending another car, but tapped the back of the other car just as he came to rest. You have been hired by the prosecution to prove that the driver was indeed speeding. You have received data as follows from the police: Skid marks left by the driver are 56.0 m long and the roadway is level. Tires matching those on the car of the driver have been dragged over the same roadway to determine that the coefficient of kinetic friction between the tires and the roadway is 0.82 at all points along the skid mark. The speed limit on the road is 35 mi/h. Construct an argument to be used in court to show that the driver was indeed speeding.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Volume 2
- A robot with fancy wheels is trained to move in two directions simultaneously. The force in the forward direction is 10 N and the force in the horizontal direction is 8 N. If the robot starts from rest, has a mass of 75 kg and travels for 100 seconds, what is the magnitude of the robot's final displacement?arrow_forwardYou are pushing a rubber crate against a concrete floor. The two surfaces have a static coefficient of friction of 0.61 and a kinetic coefficient of friction of 0.49. The floor is horizontal, and the crate has a mass of 25.0 kg, and is initially at rest. You are pushing with a horizontal force of 100 N. What is the magnitude of the force of friction in this case? Give your answer in units of N, to three significant figures.arrow_forwardTwo forces F, = (55.76î - 12.93ĵ) N and F, = (27.41î – 72.94ĵ) N are exerted on a particle. The particle's mass is 10.14 kg. %3D (a) Find the particle's acceleration in component form. (Express your answer in vector form.) a = m/s? (b) What are the magnitude and direction of the acceleration? magnitude m/s2 direction ° counterclockwise from the +x axisarrow_forward
- You are pushing a rubber crate against a concrete floor. The two surfaces have a static coefficient of friction of 0.66 and a kinetic coefficient of friction of 0.52. The floor is horizontal, and the crate has a mass of 25.0 kg, and is initially at rest. You are pushing with a horizontal force of 85 N. What is the magnitude of the force of friction in this case? Give your answer in units of N, to three significant figures. You are pushing a wooden crate against a rubber floor. The two surfaces have a static coefficient of friction of 0.54 and a kinetic coefficient of friction of 0.42. The floor is horizontal, and the crate has a mass of 25.0 kg, and is initially at rest. You are pushing with a horizontal force of 135 N. What is the magnitude of the force of friction in this case? Give your answer in units of N, to three significant figures.arrow_forwardYou are pushing a wooden crate against a rubber floor. The two surfaces have a static coefficient of friction of 0.45 and a kinetic coefficient of friction of 0.38. The floor is horizontal, and the crate has a mass of 25.0 kg, and is initially at rest. You are pushing with a horizontal force of 155 N. What is the magnitude of the force of friction in this case? Give your answer in units of N, to three significant figures.arrow_forwardA horizontal force of magnitude F = 56.2 N pushes on a block of mass m = 5.87 kg. The block is on a frictionless incline that makes and angle θ = 33.9 degrees with horizontal.Write an expression for the acceleration ax of the block, taking up the ramp to be the positive x direction. Express your answer in terms of F, m, θ, and g (9.80 m/s2). What is the acceleration of the block in units of meters per seconds squared?arrow_forward
- Consider an object on an incline where friction is present. The angle between the incline and the horizontal is θ and the coefficient of kinetic friction is μk. Find an expression for the acceleration of this object. Treat down the incline as the positive direction. Calculate the acceleration, in meters per second squared, of this object if θ = 31° and μk = 0.31. Treat down the incline as the positive direction.arrow_forwardA 1.4 gram bullet is shot into a tree stump. It enters at a velocity of 341 m/sec and comes to rest after having penetrated the stump in a straight line. It takes 0.00032 sec to come to a stop after striking the stump. What was the force on the bullet during impact? (answer in Newtons)arrow_forwardMany physical properties, such as force and mass, cannot be measured directly. Rather, some other physical property is measured and the desired physical property is computed from the results. For example, a bathroom scale does not actually measure mass or "weight," but rather the compression distance of a spring. The numerical values on the scale are calibrated from the compression distance using basic physics principles such as Newton's second law. Coefficients of friction cannot be measured directly. In this problem, we are going to learn how we can indirectly measure the coefficient of kinetic friction between two surfaces by directly measuring the expansion of a spring. Consider a 5.45 kg5.45 kg block that is dragged by a spring on a (relatively) frictionless horizontal surface at constant velocity. Suppose the block reaches a rough patch and the spring stretches by 5.25 cm5.25 cm. Compute the coefficient of kinetic friction ?μ between the block and the rough patch if the spring…arrow_forward
- A block with a mass of m=21 kg rests on a frictionless surface and is subject to two forces acting on it. The first force is directed in the negative x direction with a magnitude of F1. The second has a magnitude of F2 and acts on the body at an angle 0=18 degrees measured from horizontal. Write an expression for the magnitude of the normal force, FN acting on the block, in terms if F2 and the other variables of the problem. Assume that the surface it rests on is rigid. The two forces change such that F1=8.5N and F2=19N. Based on this change, the block may no longer be in static equilibrium. Find the blocks acceleration in the x direction, ax, in meters per second squared.arrow_forwardA rocket of mass 4.98 × 105 kg is in flight near earth's surface. Its thrust is directed at an angle of 54.3° above the horizontal and has a magnitude of 9.68 × 106 N. Find the (a) magnitude and (b) direction of the rocket's acceleration. Give the direction as an angle above the horizontal.arrow_forwardA box is at rest on a floor. The box has a mass of 35.0 kg. A force P = 213.0 N is acting to the left at an angle = 31.5° above the horizontal as shown in the figure provided on the right. Between the box and the floor, the coefficient of static friction is Hs = 0.830 and the coefficient of kinetic friction is HK = 0.778. What is the magnitude of the normal force acting on the box? P 0 marrow_forward
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