DeGarmo's Materials and Processes in Manufacturing
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781118987674
Author: J. T. Black, Ronald A. Kohser
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 5, Problem 29RQ
What types of heating and cooling conditions are imposed in an I�T or T�T�T diagram? Are they realistic for the processing of commercial items?
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Two large tanks, each holding 100 L of liquid, are interconnected by pipes, with the liquid flowing from tank
A into tank B at a rate of 3 L/min and from B into A at a rate of 1 L/min (see Figure Q1). The liquid inside each
tank is kept well stirred. A brine solution with a concentration of 0.2 kg/L of salt flows into tank A at a rate of
6 L/min. The diluted solution flows out of the system from tank A at 4 L/min and from tank B at 2 L/min. If,
initially, tank A contains pure water and tank B contains 20 kg of salt.
A
6 L/min
0.2 kg/L
x(t)
100 L
4 L/min
x(0) = 0 kg
3 L/min
B
y(t)
100 L
y(0) = 20 kg
2 L/min
1 L/min
Figure Q1 - Mixing problem for interconnected tanks
Determine the mass of salt in each tank at time t > 0:
Analytically (hand calculations)
Two springs and two masses are attached in a straight vertical line as shown in Figure Q3. The system is set
in motion by holding the mass m₂ at its equilibrium position and pushing the mass m₁ downwards of its
equilibrium position a distance 2 m and then releasing both masses. if m₁ = m₂ = 1 kg, k₁ = 3 N/m and
k₂ = 2 N/m.
www.m
k₁ = 3
(y₁ = 0).
m₁ = 1
k2=2
(y₂ = 0)
|m₂ = 1
Y2
y 2
System in
static
equilibrium
(Net change in
spring length
=32-31)
System in
motion
Figure Q3 - Coupled mass-spring system
Determine the equations of motion y₁(t) and y₂(t) for the two masses m₁ and m₂ respectively:
Analytically (hand calculations)
Chapter 5 Solutions
DeGarmo's Materials and Processes in Manufacturing
Ch. 5 - What is heat treatment?Ch. 5 - What types of properties can be altered through...Ch. 5 - Why should people performing hot forming or...Ch. 5 - What is the broad goal of the processing heat...Ch. 5 - Why might equilibrium phase diagrams be useful...Ch. 5 - What are the A1, A3, and Acm lines?Ch. 5 - What are some possible objectives of annealing...Ch. 5 - Why might it be important to include a preceding...Ch. 5 - Describe the cooling conditions of a full anneal.Ch. 5 - Why are the hypereutectoid steels not...
Ch. 5 - Although full anneals often produce the softest...Ch. 5 - What is the major process difference between full...Ch. 5 - Although normalizing is less expensive than a full...Ch. 5 - Prob. 14RQCh. 5 - What types of steel would be candidates for a...Ch. 5 - How might steel composition influence the...Ch. 5 - Other than increasing strength, for what three...Ch. 5 - What are the six major mechanisms that can be used...Ch. 5 - Prob. 19RQCh. 5 - What is required for a metal to be a candidate for...Ch. 5 - What are the three steps in an age�hardening...Ch. 5 - What is the difference between a coherent...Ch. 5 - What is overaging? Why does strength decrease?Ch. 5 - Describe the various aging responses (maximum...Ch. 5 - What is the difference between natural and...Ch. 5 - Why might naturally aging aluminum rivets be...Ch. 5 - Why is it important not to expose precipitation...Ch. 5 - Why is it more difficult to understand the...Ch. 5 - What types of heating and cooling conditions are...Ch. 5 - What are the stable equilibrium phases for steels...Ch. 5 - What are some nonequilibrium structures that...Ch. 5 - Prob. 32RQCh. 5 - What is the major factor that influences the...Ch. 5 - For a given steel, describe the relative strengths...Ch. 5 - Most structure changes proceed to completion over...Ch. 5 - What is retained austenite, and why is it an...Ch. 5 - What types of steels are more prone to retained...Ch. 5 - Why are martensitic structures usually tempered...Ch. 5 - Why does tempering offer a spectrum of possible...Ch. 5 - In what ways is the quench�and�temper heat...Ch. 5 - What is a C�C�T diagram? Why is it more useful...Ch. 5 - What is the critical cooling rate, and how is it...Ch. 5 - What two features combine to determine the...Ch. 5 - What conditions are used to standardize the quench...Ch. 5 - How do the various locations of a Jominy test...Ch. 5 - How do the data collected from a Jominy test...Ch. 5 - What is the assumption that allows the data from a...Ch. 5 - What is hardenability? How is it different from...Ch. 5 - What capabilities are provided by...Ch. 5 - When selecting a steel for an application, what...Ch. 5 - What are the three stages of liquid quenching?Ch. 5 - What are some of the major advantages and...Ch. 5 - Why does brine provide faster cooling than water?Ch. 5 - Why is an oil quench less likely to produce quench...Ch. 5 - What are some of the attractive qualities of a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 56RQCh. 5 - Prob. 57RQCh. 5 - Prob. 58RQCh. 5 - Prob. 59RQCh. 5 - How might the thermally induced residual stresses...Ch. 5 - Prob. 61RQCh. 5 - Prob. 62RQCh. 5 - Prob. 63RQCh. 5 - What is thermomechanical processing?Ch. 5 - Prob. 65RQCh. 5 - Prob. 66RQCh. 5 - Prob. 67RQCh. 5 - Prob. 68RQCh. 5 - Prob. 69RQCh. 5 - Prob. 70RQCh. 5 - Prob. 71RQCh. 5 - Prob. 72RQCh. 5 - Prob. 73RQCh. 5 - Why does a carburized part have to be further...Ch. 5 - Prob. 75RQCh. 5 - Prob. 76RQCh. 5 - Prob. 77RQCh. 5 - Describe the distinguishing features of a box...Ch. 5 - What are some possible functions of artificial...Ch. 5 - Prob. 80RQCh. 5 - Prob. 81RQCh. 5 - Prob. 82RQCh. 5 - What are some current goals of the heat treatment...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1PCh. 5 - Prob. 2PCh. 5 - Prob. 3PCh. 5 - Prob. 4PCh. 5 - Prob. 5PCh. 5 - Prob. 6PCh. 5 - What problems might be expected if the material on...Ch. 5 - Describe some heat treatment processes or...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3CSCh. 5 - Prob. 4CSCh. 5 - Prob. 5CSCh. 5 - Prob. 6CSCh. 5 - Prob. 7CSCh. 5 - Prob. 8CS
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