Essentials of Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered States
Essentials of Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered States
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781451190809
Author: Carol Porth RN MSN PhD
Publisher: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS+WILKINS
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Chapter 5, Problem 1RE
Summary Introduction

To determine: The explanation of how the small number of protein-encoding genes can produce the vast array of proteins that are required for organ and structural development in the embryo, as well as for the normal function of the body in postnatal life.

Introduction: The Human Genome Project or HGP was launched with a primary goal of determining the base pairs used in the making of the DNA and also identification and mapping of all the genes present in the humangenome.

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The Human Genome Project was the international project started in 1990, which involved the sequencing and identification of all the genes present in the genome of human. The physical and genetic maps were developed for the precise location of the genes. It was estimated that a human genome has 21 thousand genes approximately, in which 99% of DNA is shared between two individuals, and 1% is responsible for indicating diversity.

The human genome project has evaluated the development of the human from the size of the embryo to a large human body. Except for identical twins, no other human has the same genetic information, which shows that all of the genetic material in the chromosomes and the information for the development of the human form embryo to the prenatal stage involves the development of the organs.

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