Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134555430
Author: Colleen Belk, Virginia Borden Maier
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 5, Problem 10LTB
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The whole range of biochemical processes that occur within a living organism.
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Indicate whether each of the following is a true or false
statement regarding ATP.
in cellular respiration, the most ATP is
made by the Krebs cycle
ATP is commonly used by cells to
lower the amount of energy needed
for reactions to occur
the energy from anabolic reactions
can be used to make ATP
some ATP is required to break down
glucose into pyruvic acid
a phosphate group is added to ADP to
make ATP
Choose...
Choose...
Choose...
Choose... ♦
Choose...
What type(s) of ATP producing pathway(s) do animal cells utilize?
only fermentation
only aerobic cellular respiration
only anaerobic cellular respiration
BOTH aerobic cellular respiration and fermentation
BOTH anaerobic cellular respiration and aerobic cellular respiration
The diagram shows the process of cellular respiration both in the presence and in the absence of
oxygen.
Glucose
2 Pyruvate
34 ATP
Aerobic Respiration
Fermentation
Alcohol + CO₂ Lactate
What can be concluded from the diagram?
Aerobic respiration is more efficient because it produces a total of 36 ATP molecules.
Aerobic respiration produces only 2 ATP molecules more than fermentation.
Fermentation and aerobic respiration both produce the same amount of ATP molecules.
Fermentation is more efficient because it produces a total of 34 ATP molecules.
oxygen
2 ATP
no oxygen
Chapter 5 Solutions
Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
Ch. 5 - Add labels to the figure that follows, which...Ch. 5 - Carbon dioxide functions as a greenhouse gas by...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3LTBCh. 5 - Prob. 4LTBCh. 5 - Stomata on a plants surface ___________. prevent...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6LTBCh. 5 - Prob. 7LTBCh. 5 - Which of the following human activities generates...Ch. 5 - Prob. 9LTBCh. 5 - Prob. 10LTB
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- Human muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation to produce ATP without O2. regenerate NADH. produce ATP using the electron transport chain. produce more ATP than is possible through aerobic respiration.arrow_forwardComplete the tabulation that describes the various processes employed by living things to generate ATP. This should help you weigh the significance of each process as well as find similarities and differences among them. CELL METABOLISM ANAEROBIC ALCOHOL LACTIC ACID AEROBIC RESPIRATION TO PRODUCE REPIRATION FERMENTATION FERMENTATION ATP DOES IT INVOLVE THE USE OF AN ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN? (YES/NO) FINAL ELECTRON ACCEPTOR REACTANTS END PRODUCTS LOCATION OF OCCURRENCE IN CELL ENERGY GENERATED IN ATP QUANTITYarrow_forwardIn lecture, we covered the metabolic process of aerobic cellular respiration as well as the metabolic process of fermentation. Which of the following statements about these two metabolic processes is true? Only fermentation produces ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. Only aerobic cellular respiration includes reactions that involve electron carriers. Glycolysis is involved in only aerobic cellular respiration. The total amount of ATP produced per molecule of glucose is higher for aerobic cellular respiration than for fermentation.arrow_forward
- Which of the following are the final by products of glucose oxidation during aerobic cell respiration? ATP only Heat only Carbon dioxide only Both ATP and heat only ATP, heat, and carbon dioxidearrow_forwardIf a cell has a lot of AMP, cellular respiration will ________________________ due to the enzyme ______________________. Slow down, Rubisco Speed up, phosphofructokinase Speed up, Rubisco Slow down, Phosphofructokinasearrow_forwardThe image shows the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis during cellular respiration within a eukaryotic cell. The reaction shows the conversion of glucose into ATP and heat during eukaryotic cellular respiration. Which of the following is true regarding specialized cellular respiration occurring in newborns and hibernating mammals to maintain body temperature? Additional molecules of glucose are oxidized to generate the additional body heat required for human infants and hibernating mammals. The cellular efficiency of ATP synthesis increases to generate the additional body heat required for human infants and hibernating mammals. The cellular efficiency of the electron transport chain increases to generate the additional body heat required for human infants and hibernating mammals. The electron transport chain and proton gradient efficiency are maintained without ATP synthesis to generate the additional body heat required for human infants and hibernating mammals.arrow_forward
- Table 8: ATP Yield from Anaerobic Respiration (for 1 Glucose Molecule) # of ATPS Generated through Substrate-Level Phosphorylation # of ATPS Generated from NADH and FADH, through Oxidative # of NADH and FADH, Produced Gross Subtotal of ATPS Produced Process Phosphorylation NADH: FADH2: Glycolysis NADH: FADH2: GROSS TOTAL of ATPS Produced # of ATPS Spent NETTOTAL of ATPS Produced Fermentationarrow_forwardFor each of the following sentences, fill in the blanks with the best word or phrase selected from the list below. Not all words or phrases will be used; each word or phrase may be used more than once. ADP FADH2 H+ moderately protons ATP favorable higher NADH severely cytosol glucose lower NAD+ slightly electrons GTP matrix Pi unfavorable High-energy electrons are transferred through a series of molecules, and the energy released during these transfers is used to generate a gradient of , or . Because their concentration is outside than inside the mitochondria, the flow of , or , down the concentration gradient is energetically very and can thus be coupled to the production of ATP from ADP. Thus, oxidative phosphorylation refers to the…arrow_forwardThe bodies of humans and other mammals store triglycerides in two kinds of tissue, which are called white and brown fat. The main function of white fat is to store triglycerides for energy. Brown tissue has more mitochondria than white tissue, and these are used to generate body heat in an unusual process. Mitochondria in brown fat make thermogenin, a protein that uncouples ATP synthesis from mitochondrial electron transfer chains. Thermogenin is a transport protein that allows hydrogen ions to move directly across the inner mitochondrial membrane instead of through ATP synthase. Since ATP synthase isn't activated, these "leaky" membranes produce less ATP. However, electrons still pass through electron transfer chains, and this process generates heat. In 2015, Daniele Barbato and his colleagues investigated the effect of a high-fat diet on brown fat mitochondrial function in mice. They maintained an experimental group of mice on a high-fat diet (HFD, 60% fat), and a control group…arrow_forward
- Proper chemical formula for aerobic cellular respiration? CO2 + H2O --> glucose + oxygen C6H12O6 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2 --> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2 --> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATParrow_forwardb) Place a 'Yes' or a 'No' in the appropriate boxes that correspond to each listed feature of cellular respiration. You may need to state 'Yes' or 'No' in more than one box in a particular row in some cases. Cellular Respiration Feature Involved in aerobic respiration Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix Pyruvate molecules are produced Acetyl CoA combines with a 4 carbon molecule Electrons are passed between protein carriers ATP is produced NAD* gains hydrogen FADH₂ loses hydrogen Glycolysis Yes / No Krebs Cycle Yes / No Electron Transport chain Yes/No 90+arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements accurately describes an energy-releasing process that is coupled to an energy- requiring process in the cell? * The transport of ions across a membrane is powered by the formation of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. The movement of motor proteins is powered by the formation of ADP and inorganic phosphate from ATP. An endothermic chemical reaction O provides the energy for ATP hydrolysis in the mitochondria. An exothermic chemical reaction is O powered by ATP hydrolysis in the chloroplast.arrow_forward
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