Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321775658
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 46.1, Problem 2CC
Parthenogenesis is the most common form of asexual reproduction in animals that at other times reproduce sexually. What characteristic of parthenogenesis might explain this Observation?
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Most sexual organisms are either male or female though some are hermaphroditic. In human beings and Drosophila (fruitfly), the sex of an individual is determined by the kind of sex chromosomes they possess. Males have two types of chromosomes, a big chromosome X and a small chromosome Y while females have only one kind, 2X or XX. The X and Y chromosomes segregate during the formation of mature spermatozoa (sprematogenesis) so that a mature sperm contains only either X or Y.
What is the probability of getting an X-bearing sperm? A Y-bearing sperm? How many kinds of ova as to the kind of sex chromosome present can be produced? Determine the probability of getting a boy or girl. Show your calculations.
Most sexual organisms are either male or female though some are hermaphroditic. In human beings and Drosophila (fruitfly), the sex of an individual is determined by the kind of sex chromosomes they possess. Males have two types of chromosomes, a big chromosome X and a small chromosome Y while females have only one kind, 2X or XX. The X and Y chromosomes segregate during the formation of mature spermatozoa (sprematogenesis) so that a mature sperm contains only either X or Y.
What is the probability of getting an X-bearing sperm? A Y-bearing sperm? How many kinds of ova as to the kind of sex chromosome present can be produce? Determine the probability of getting a boy or girl. Show your calculations.
Explain why genetic mutations in asexual organisms lead to much more rapid evolutionary change than do genetic mutations in sexual forms. Why might harmful mutations be more deleterious to asexual organisms compared with sexual organisms?
Chapter 46 Solutions
Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
Ch. 46.1 - Compare and contrast the outcomes of asexual and...Ch. 46.1 - Parthenogenesis is the most common form of asexual...Ch. 46.1 - WHAT IF? If a hermaphrodite self-fertilizes, will...Ch. 46.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 46.2 - How does internal fertilization facilitate life on...Ch. 46.2 - What mechanisms have evolved in animals with (a)...Ch. 46.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 46.3 - Why might frequent use of a hot tub make it harder...Ch. 46.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 46.3 - WHAT IF? If each vas deferens in a male was...
Ch. 46.4 - How are the functions of FSH and LH in females and...Ch. 46.4 - How does an estrous cycle differ from a menstrual...Ch. 46.4 - WHAT IF? If a human female begins taking...Ch. 46.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 46.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 46.5 - In what ways are tubal ligation and vasectomy...Ch. 46.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 46 - Would a pair of haploid offspring produced by...Ch. 46 - Identify which of the following, if any, are...Ch. 46 - How does the difference in size and cellular...Ch. 46 - Prob. 46.4CRCh. 46 - Prob. 46.5CRCh. 46 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 46 - In male mammals, excretory and reproductive...Ch. 46 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 46 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 46 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 46 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 46 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 46 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 46 - DRAW IT In human spermatogenesis, mitosis of a...Ch. 46 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 46 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY You discover a new egg-laying...Ch. 46 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ENERGY AND MATTER In a short...Ch. 46 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE A female Komodo dragon...
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- If one follows 50 primary oocytes in an animal through theirvarious stages of oogenesis, how many secondary oocytes wouldbe formed? How many first polar bodies would be formed? Howmany ootids would be formed? If one follows 50 primary spermatocytes in an animal through their various stages of spermatogenesis, how many secondary spermatocytes would beformed? How many spermatids would be formed?arrow_forwardFertilization is the fusion of haploid gametes, ovum and spermatozoon, to form a diploid zygote. Discuss physiologic mechanisms in the male and the female that make sure that indeed only one sperm fertilizes a single eggarrow_forwardWhat is unusual about the cytoplasm during cell divisions that result in spermatids?arrow_forward
- Females are born with a limited number of oocytes which, once depleted, they are no longer viable for sexual reproduction. Males though continue to produce spermatozoa even after their death. Why do you think males produce gametes throughout life yet females have a limited timespan? Does this mean males can be efficient in sexual reproduction until they are physically incapable?arrow_forwardList three advantages of asexual reproduction.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT TRUE? A) Menopause is marked by elevated levels of gonadotropins. A spermatozoon can survive for more than five days in a female reproductive tract. C) The proliferative endometrial phase is promoted by progesterone. Synthetic estrogens act as contraceptives by preventing the ovarian luteal phase. The hormonal basis of stress-induced amenorrhea is due to the influence of the limbic system on GNRH secretion.arrow_forward
- Parthenogenesis is the most common form of asexualreproduction in animals that at other times reproducesexually. What characteristic of parthenogenesis mightexplain this observation?arrow_forwardThe change of successful fertilization is approximately 18% in every cycle. Why does this statistic seem so low? All of the following statements provide a reason as to why the chance of fertilization is 18% every ovarian cycle EXEPT Select one: A. Some Sperm cells are not very motile, while others are formed without a tail. B. If more than one sperm fertilizes an egg, multiple embryos can result. C. Vagina is very acidic, killing many sperm. D. There two fallopian tubes and two ovaries, but only one of them releases an ovum every cycle.arrow_forwardOne of the advantages of sexual reproduction is that it promotes genetic diversity in the offspring. This is because gametes are produced by meiosis, which introduces genetic variation into the resulting gametes. How does meiosis accomplish this? Describe one way (there are several choices) in which meiosis produces new combinations of genes in gametes.arrow_forward
- If one follows 32 primary oocytes in an animal through their various stages of oogenesis, how many secondary oocytes would be formed? How many first polar bodies would be formed? How many ootids would be formed? If one follows 32 primary spermatocytes in an animal through their various stages of spermatogenesis, how many secondary spermatocytes would be formed? How many spermatids would be formed? Secondary oocytes First polar bodies Ootids Secondary Spermatocytes Spermatidsarrow_forwardMy college Bio teacher asked me this question in response to one of my photos I posted on Facebook: "I wonder why some birds exhibit sexual dimorphism while others do not." Can someone explain this phenomenom in detail?arrow_forwardThe diagram in Figure 1 shows a section through the mammalian testis. With reference to this diagram answer the following questions: FIGURE 1 (a) What percentage of each of the following types of cells would you expect to contain an X chromosome. Give a REASON for your answer in each case. i) type cell A ii) type cell B (b)Name the cell type labelled B which under goes mitosis. State the importance of mitosis in a mature testis.arrow_forward
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