Bundle: Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, Loose-leaf Version, 9th + WebAssign Printed Access Card, Multi-Term
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305932302
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 45, Problem 47AP
To determine
The kinetic energy of the lithium nucleus.
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Use the below values for this problem. Please note that the mass for H is for the entire atom (proton & electron).
Neutron: m = 1.67493x10-27 kg = 1.008665 u = 939.57 MeV/c²
.
¹H: mH = 1.67353x10-27 kg = 1.007825 u = 938.78 MeV/c²
1
1 u = 1.6605x10-27 kg = 931.5 MeV/c²
.
Consider the following decay: 239 Pu 235 U+ a. 239 Pu has a mass of 239.0521634 u, 235 U has a mass of 235.0439299 u, and a has a mass of 4.002603 u.
94
92
94
92
Determine the disintegration energy (Q-value) in MeV.
Q =
Determine the binding energy (in MeV) for 239 Pu.
94
EB =
Q4. a) Alpha decay is a two body final state process, in which a nucleus
4
AXz
→(A−4) Y(z−2) +¹ He₂ + Qa
If the masses of the atoms of the parent and the daughter nuclei are (roughly) Au, and
(A — 4)u and that of the a particle is 4u, determine the relation between the kinetic
energy To of the a particle and Qa.
b) Explain why in case of even A nuclei, it is possible to have two most stable isobars,
where as for odd A nuclei, there can be only one most stable isobar.
c) Construct the mass parabolas for A = 101, and identify the most stable isobars.
d) Construct the mass parabolas for A
=
106, and identify the two most stable isobars.
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Chapter 45 Solutions
Bundle: Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, Loose-leaf Version, 9th + WebAssign Printed Access Card, Multi-Term
Ch. 45.1 - When a nucleus undergoes fission, the two daughter...Ch. 45.2 - Prob. 45.2QQCh. 45.3 - Prob. 45.3QQCh. 45.4 - Prob. 45.4QQCh. 45 - Prob. 1OQCh. 45 - Prob. 2OQCh. 45 - Prob. 3OQCh. 45 - Prob. 4OQCh. 45 - Prob. 5OQCh. 45 - Prob. 6OQ
Ch. 45 - Prob. 7OQCh. 45 - Prob. 8OQCh. 45 - Prob. 9OQCh. 45 - Prob. 1CQCh. 45 - Prob. 2CQCh. 45 - Prob. 3CQCh. 45 - Prob. 4CQCh. 45 - Prob. 5CQCh. 45 - Prob. 6CQCh. 45 - Prob. 7CQCh. 45 - Prob. 8CQCh. 45 - Prob. 1PCh. 45 - Prob. 2PCh. 45 - Prob. 3PCh. 45 - Prob. 4PCh. 45 - Prob. 5PCh. 45 - Prob. 6PCh. 45 - Prob. 7PCh. 45 - Prob. 8PCh. 45 - Prob. 9PCh. 45 - Prob. 10PCh. 45 - Prob. 11PCh. 45 - Prob. 12PCh. 45 - Prob. 13PCh. 45 - Prob. 14PCh. 45 - Prob. 15PCh. 45 - Prob. 16PCh. 45 - Prob. 18PCh. 45 - Prob. 19PCh. 45 - Prob. 20PCh. 45 - Prob. 21PCh. 45 - Prob. 22PCh. 45 - Prob. 23PCh. 45 - Prob. 24PCh. 45 - Prob. 25PCh. 45 - Prob. 26PCh. 45 - Prob. 27PCh. 45 - Prob. 28PCh. 45 - Prob. 29PCh. 45 - Prob. 30PCh. 45 - Prob. 31PCh. 45 - Prob. 32PCh. 45 - Prob. 33PCh. 45 - Prob. 34PCh. 45 - Prob. 35PCh. 45 - Prob. 36PCh. 45 - Prob. 37PCh. 45 - Prob. 41PCh. 45 - Prob. 42PCh. 45 - Prob. 43PCh. 45 - Prob. 44PCh. 45 - Prob. 45PCh. 45 - Prob. 46APCh. 45 - Prob. 47APCh. 45 - Prob. 48APCh. 45 - Prob. 49APCh. 45 - Prob. 51APCh. 45 - Prob. 52APCh. 45 - Prob. 53APCh. 45 - Prob. 54APCh. 45 - Prob. 55APCh. 45 - Prob. 56APCh. 45 - Prob. 57APCh. 45 - Prob. 58APCh. 45 - Prob. 59APCh. 45 - Prob. 60APCh. 45 - Prob. 61APCh. 45 - Prob. 62APCh. 45 - Prob. 63APCh. 45 - Prob. 64APCh. 45 - Prob. 65APCh. 45 - Prob. 66APCh. 45 - Prob. 67APCh. 45 - Prob. 68APCh. 45 - Prob. 69APCh. 45 - Prob. 70APCh. 45 - Prob. 71APCh. 45 - Prob. 72APCh. 45 - Prob. 73AP
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- (a) An aspiring physicist wants to build a scale model of a hydrogen atom for her science fair project. If the atom is 1.00 m in diameter, how big should she try to make the nucleus? (b) How easy will this be to do?arrow_forward(a) Calculate the energy released in the a decay of 238U. (b) What fraction of the mass at a single 238U is destroyed in the decay? The mass of 234Th is 234.043593 u. (c) Although the fractional mass loss is laws for a single nucleus, it is difficult to observe for an entire macroscopic sample of uranium. Why is this?arrow_forward(a) Calculate the number of grams of deuterium in an 80.000L swimming pool, given deuterium is 0.0150% of natural hydrogen. (b) Find the energy released in joules if this deuterium is fused via the reaction 2H+2H3He+n. (c) Could the neutrons be used to create more energy? (d) Discuss the amount of this type of energy in a swimming pool as compared to that in, say, a gallon of gasoline, also taking into consideration that water is far more abundant.arrow_forward
- Integrated Concepts: (a) What temperature gas would have atoms moving fast enough to bring two 3He nuclei into contact? Note that, because both are moving, the average kinetic energy only needs to be half the electric potential energy of these doubly charged nuclei when just in contact with one another. (b) Does this high temperature imply practical difficulties for doing this in controlled fusion?arrow_forwardUnreasonable Results The relatively scarce naturally occurring calcium isotope 48Ca has a halflife at about 21016y. (a) A small sample of this isotope is labeled as having an activity of 1.0 Ci. What is the mass of the 48Ca in the sample? (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) What assumption is responsible?arrow_forwardThe electrical power output of a large nuclear reactor facility is 900 MW. It has a 35.0% efficiency in converting nuclear power to electrical power. What is the thermal nuclear power output in megawatts? How many 235U nuclei fission each second, assuming the average fission produces 200 MeV? What mass of 235U is fissioned in 1 year of full-power operation?arrow_forward
- When a nucleus (decays, does the (particle move continuously from inside the nucleus to outside? That is, does it travel each point along an imaginary line from inside to out? Explain.arrow_forwardThis problem demonstrates that the binding energy of the electron in the ground state of a hydrogen atom is much smaller than the rest mass energies of the proton and electron. Calculate the mass equivalent in u of the 13.6-eV binding energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom, and compare this with the known mass of the hydrogen atom. Subtract the known mass of the proton from the known mass of the hydrogen atom. Take the ratio of the binding energy of the electron (13.6 eV) to the energy equivalent of the electron’s mass (0.511 MeV). Discuss how your answers confirm the stated purpose of this problem.arrow_forwardThe electrical power output of a large nuclear reactor facility is 900 MW. It has a 35.0% efficiency in converting nuclear power to electrical. (a) What is the thermal nuclear power output in megawatts? (b) How many 235U nuclei fission each second, assuming the average fission produces 200 MeV? (c) What mass of 235U is fissioned in one year of fullpower operation?arrow_forward
- If two nuclei are to fuse in a nuclear reaction, they must be moving fast enough so that the repulsive Coulomb force between them does not prevent them for getting within R1014mof one another. At this distance or nearer, the attractive nuclear force can overcome the Coulomb force, and the nuclei are able to fuse. (a) Find a simple formula that can be used to estimate the minimum kinetic energy the nuclei must have if they are to fuse. To keep the calculation simple, assume the two nuclei are identical and moving toward one another with the same speed v. (b) Use this minimum kinetic energy to estimate the minimum temperature a gas of the nuclei must have before a significant number of them will undergo fusion. Calculate this minimum temperature first for hydrogen and then for helium. (Hint: For fusion to occur, the minimum kinetic energy when the nuclei are far apart must be equal to the Coulomb potential energy when they are a distance R apart.)arrow_forward(a) Calculate the energy released in the a decay of 238U . (b) What fraction of the mass of a single 238U is destroyed in the decay? The mass of 234Th is 234.043593 u. (c) Although the fractional mass loss is large for a single nucleus, it is difficult to observe for an entire macroscopic sample of uranium. Why is this?arrow_forwardThe ceramic glaze on a red-orange “Fiestaware” plate is U2O3and contains 50.0 grams of 238U, but very little 235U. (a) What is the activity of the plate? (b) Calculate the total energy that will be released by the 238U decay, (c) If energy is worth 12.0 cents per kWh , what is the monetary value of the energy emitted? (These brightly- colored ceramic plates went out of production some 30 years ago, but are still available as collectibles.)arrow_forward
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