To predict: The effect if a water-soluble hormone is injected directly into the cytosol of a target cell. Introduction: Hormones are small molecules that act as chemical messengers in the body. They regulate the body processes by binding to their specific receptors. For lipid-soluble hormones, the receptors are intracellular and for water-soluble hormones, the receptors are present on cell surface.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 45, Problem 45.1CR

Summary Introduction

To predict: The effect if a water-soluble hormone is injected directly into the cytosol of a target cell.

Introduction:

Hormones are small molecules that act as chemical messengers in the body. They regulate the body processes by binding to their specific receptors. For lipid-soluble hormones, the receptors are intracellular and for water-soluble hormones, the receptors are present on cell surface.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Water-soluble hormones are membrane insoluble and bind to the membrane receptors. These membrane receptors are partly present on the outer cell surface for binding the hormone and some part protrudes on the inner side of membrane for the hormonal effect. The binding of water-soluble hormones to membrane receptor proteins trigger a cellular response through signal transduction. Thus, if a water-soluble hormone is directly injected into the cytosol of a target cell, it would not be able to bind to its specific receptors in the membrane. As a result, the cellular response would not be triggered.

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For each of the following problems calculate the following: (Week 6-3 Video with 6-1 and 6-2) Consult the total catabolic pathways on the last page as a reference for the following questions. A. How much NADH and FADH2 is produced and fed into the electron transport chain (If any)? B. How much ATP is made from oxidative phosphorylation (OP), if any? Feed the NADH and FADH2 into the electron transport chain: 3ATP/NADH, 2ATP/FADH2 C. How much ATP is made by substrate level phosphorylation (SLP)? D. How much total ATP is made? Add the SLP and OP together. 1. Aerobic respiration using 0.5 mole of glucose? NADH FADH2 OP ATP SLP ATP Total ATP Show your work using dimensional analysis here:

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 45, Problem 45.1CR

Summary Introduction

To predict: The effect if a water-soluble hormone is injected directly into the cytosol of a target cell.

Introduction:

Hormones are small molecules that act as chemical messengers in the body. They regulate the body processes by binding to their specific receptors. For lipid-soluble hormones, the receptors are intracellular and for water-soluble hormones, the receptors are present on cell surface.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Water-soluble hormones are membrane insoluble and bind to the membrane receptors. These membrane receptors are partly present on the outer cell surface for binding the hormone and some part protrudes on the inner side of membrane for the hormonal effect. The binding of water-soluble hormones to membrane receptor proteins trigger a cellular response through signal transduction. Thus, if a water-soluble hormone is directly injected into the cytosol of a target cell, it would not be able to bind to its specific receptors in the membrane. As a result, the cellular response would not be triggered.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 45, Problem 45.1CR

Summary Introduction

To predict: The effect if a water-soluble hormone is injected directly into the cytosol of a target cell.

Introduction:

Hormones are small molecules that act as chemical messengers in the body. They regulate the body processes by binding to their specific receptors. For lipid-soluble hormones, the receptors are intracellular and for water-soluble hormones, the receptors are present on cell surface.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Water-soluble hormones are membrane insoluble and bind to the membrane receptors. These membrane receptors are partly present on the outer cell surface for binding the hormone and some part protrudes on the inner side of membrane for the hormonal effect. The binding of water-soluble hormones to membrane receptor proteins trigger a cellular response through signal transduction. Thus, if a water-soluble hormone is directly injected into the cytosol of a target cell, it would not be able to bind to its specific receptors in the membrane. As a result, the cellular response would not be triggered.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 45, Problem 45.1CR

Summary Introduction

To predict: The effect if a water-soluble hormone is injected directly into the cytosol of a target cell.

Introduction:

Hormones are small molecules that act as chemical messengers in the body. They regulate the body processes by binding to their specific receptors. For lipid-soluble hormones, the receptors are intracellular and for water-soluble hormones, the receptors are present on cell surface.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Water-soluble hormones are membrane insoluble and bind to the membrane receptors. These membrane receptors are partly present on the outer cell surface for binding the hormone and some part protrudes on the inner side of membrane for the hormonal effect. The binding of water-soluble hormones to membrane receptor proteins trigger a cellular response through signal transduction. Thus, if a water-soluble hormone is directly injected into the cytosol of a target cell, it would not be able to bind to its specific receptors in the membrane. As a result, the cellular response would not be triggered.

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Answer 5

Chapter 45, Problem 45.1CR

Summary Introduction

To predict: The effect if a water-soluble hormone is injected directly into the cytosol of a target cell.

Introduction:

Hormones are small molecules that act as chemical messengers in the body. They regulate the body processes by binding to their specific receptors. For lipid-soluble hormones, the receptors are intracellular and for water-soluble hormones, the receptors are present on cell surface.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Water-soluble hormones are membrane insoluble and bind to the membrane receptors. These membrane receptors are partly present on the outer cell surface for binding the hormone and some part protrudes on the inner side of membrane for the hormonal effect. The binding of water-soluble hormones to membrane receptor proteins trigger a cellular response through signal transduction. Thus, if a water-soluble hormone is directly injected into the cytosol of a target cell, it would not be able to bind to its specific receptors in the membrane. As a result, the cellular response would not be triggered.

Answer 6

Chapter 45, Problem 45.1CR

Summary Introduction

To predict: The effect if a water-soluble hormone is injected directly into the cytosol of a target cell.

Introduction:

Hormones are small molecules that act as chemical messengers in the body. They regulate the body processes by binding to their specific receptors. For lipid-soluble hormones, the receptors are intracellular and for water-soluble hormones, the receptors are present on cell surface.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Water-soluble hormones are membrane insoluble and bind to the membrane receptors. These membrane receptors are partly present on the outer cell surface for binding the hormone and some part protrudes on the inner side of membrane for the hormonal effect. The binding of water-soluble hormones to membrane receptor proteins trigger a cellular response through signal transduction. Thus, if a water-soluble hormone is directly injected into the cytosol of a target cell, it would not be able to bind to its specific receptors in the membrane. As a result, the cellular response would not be triggered.

Answer 7

Chapter 45, Problem 45.1CR

Summary Introduction

To predict: The effect if a water-soluble hormone is injected directly into the cytosol of a target cell.

Introduction:

Hormones are small molecules that act as chemical messengers in the body. They regulate the body processes by binding to their specific receptors. For lipid-soluble hormones, the receptors are intracellular and for water-soluble hormones, the receptors are present on cell surface.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Water-soluble hormones are membrane insoluble and bind to the membrane receptors. These membrane receptors are partly present on the outer cell surface for binding the hormone and some part protrudes on the inner side of membrane for the hormonal effect. The binding of water-soluble hormones to membrane receptor proteins trigger a cellular response through signal transduction. Thus, if a water-soluble hormone is directly injected into the cytosol of a target cell, it would not be able to bind to its specific receptors in the membrane. As a result, the cellular response would not be triggered.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Ch. 45.1 - How do response mechanisms in target cells differ...Ch. 45.1 - Prob. 2CC Ch. 45.1 - Prob. 3CC Ch. 45.2 - What are the roles of oxytocin and prolactin in...Ch. 45.2 - How do the two fused glands of the pituitary gland...Ch. 45.2 - WHAT IF? 2192 Propose an explanation for why...Ch. 45.2 - what if? Lab tests of two patients, each...Ch. 45.3 - If a hormone pathway produces a transient response...Ch. 45.3 - Prob. 2CC Ch. 45.3 - Prob. 3CC

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Chapter 45 Solutions