Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321775658
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 44.1, Problem 2CC
Summary Introduction

To determine: The reason that the freshwater fishes are not osmoconformers.

Concept introduction: The fishes inhabit either in the fresh water or the marine water. The fresh water fishes are called as the“osmoregulators” and the marine fishes are called as the“osmoconformers”.

The osmoregulator mechanism helps the fresh water fishes to adapt the surrounding medium by the movement of salts and water across the gills of the fishes. This causes the body of the fishes to swell.

The osmoconformer mechanism in the marine fishes takes place by adapting their body to the changing conditions irrespective of the movement of salts and water.

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Some animals are osmoconformers, meaning that they maintain the tonicity/osmolarity of their body fluids equal to that of the external environment. Hydroids, a type of cnidarian, are osmoconformers. But they don't move and thus are adapted to the environment they live in. A) What would happen if you take a marine hydroid and transfer it into a freshwater aquarium? B) What would happen if you take a freshwater hydroid and transfer it into a saltwater aquarium? C) Sharks are extraordinary osmoconformers. Bull sharks store urea in their tissues and use it to match the tonicity of their tissues to that of the surrounding environment. Some sharks can move from saltwater to freshwater, hypothesize what changes will sharks do in order to adjust when moving from saltwater to freshwater and vice versa. Explain your answer in terms of tonicity and specify the direction of water movement and urea concentration.
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Most marine invertebrates are osmotic conformers. How does their body fluid differ from that of sharks and rays, which are also in near osmotic equilibrium with their environment?
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