BIOLOGY(LL)-W/ACCESS CODE >CUSTOM<
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781264058167
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Textbook Question
Chapter 44, Problem 1A
You think one of your teammates is using anabolic steroids to build muscle. You know that continued use of steroids can cause profound changes in cell function. This is due in part to the fact that these hormones act
a. to regulate gene expression.
b. by activating second messengers.
c. as protein kinases.
d. via G protein–coupled receptors.
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Students have asked these similar questions
A cell has epinephrine receptors, yet is unable to respond to epinephrine signaling. One possible reason is:
A.
The cell has no DNA.
B.
The cell is missing a functional G-protein or adenylyl cyclase.
C.
All of the epinephrine receptors are on the cell’s surface. (They’re supposed to be in the cytoplasm!)
D.
Both A and C.
The action of steroid hormones is different from that of peptide hormones becausea. peptide hormones must enter the cell to begin action, whereas steroid hormones must begin action on the external surface of the cell membrane.b. steroid hormones must enter the cell to begin action, whereas peptide hormones must begin action on the external surface of the cell membrane.c. peptide hormones produce a hormone receptor complex that works directly on the DNA, whereas steroid hormones cause the release of a secondary messenger that triggers enzymes.d. None of these answers is correct.
What features are remarkable about steroid receptors? (Select all that apply)
A. Steroid receptors are localized in the cytoplasm
B. steroid receptors are localized in the plasma membrane
C. steroid receptors can translocate to the nucleus
D. steroid receptors represent the beginning of a signaling Cascade
E. steroid receptors can also function as transcription factors
Chapter 44 Solutions
BIOLOGY(LL)-W/ACCESS CODE >CUSTOM<
Ch. 44.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 44.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 44.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 44.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 44.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 44.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 44.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 44.3 - Describe the connections between the hypothalamus,...Ch. 44.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 44.4 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 44.4 - Describe the components of Ca2+ homeostasis.Ch. 44.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 44 - Prob. 1DACh. 44 - Prob. 1IQCh. 44 - Which of the following best describes hormones? a....Ch. 44 - Steroid hormones a. can diffuse through the...Ch. 44 - Second messengers are activated in response to a....Ch. 44 - Which of the following is true about lipophilic...Ch. 44 - An organ is classified as part of the endocrine...Ch. 44 - Hormones released from the pituitary gland have...Ch. 44 - Prob. 7UCh. 44 - You think one of your teammates is using anabolic...Ch. 44 - Your Uncle Sal likes to party. When he goes out...Ch. 44 - Prob. 3ACh. 44 - Prob. 4ACh. 44 - Prob. 5ACh. 44 - You experience a longer period than normal between...Ch. 44 - Mild vitamin D deficiency can lead to...Ch. 44 - How can blocking hormone production decrease...Ch. 44 - Suppose that two different organs, such as the...Ch. 44 - Many physiological parameters, such as blood Ca2+...
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- Which of the following enzymes does NOT catalyzes the formation a second messenger? A. PI3K B. Protein kinase C C. Phospholipase C D. Guanylyl cyclase Which of the following statements is correct? A. Lipolysis is inhibited by epinephrine and glucagon B. Phosphorylation of triacylglycerol lipase inhibits its activity C. Activation of protein kinase A inhibits lipolysis D. Fatty acids are activated in mitochondria before undergoing b-oxidation E. Lipolysis is stimulated by cAMP F. None of the abovearrow_forwardA hormone signals through a G protein-coupled receptor as shown in the diagram. After the production of IP3, which of these events will MOST quickly stop the transduction of the signal? A. the hydrolysis of IP3 B. the hydrolysis of GTP C. the hydrolysis of PIP2 D. the hydrolysis of the hormone I believe the answer is (B) the hydrolysisof GTP, because the G protein becomes inactive after GTP is hydrolyzed to GDP. However, the solution provided by Bartleby is (C). Please explain. Thanksarrow_forwardParacrine signaling is characterized by ligands that are a. produced by the cell itself. b. secreted by neighboring cells. c. present on the plasma membrane of neighboring cells. d. secreted by distant cells.arrow_forward
- Insulin is a peptide (protein) hormone. As such, which of the following would be the most likely receptor for this signaling hormone? Select one: a. A transmembrane receptor in the cell membrane b. An intracellular receptorarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not correct about a second messenger system? A. The activating hormone interacts with a receptor site on the plasma membrane. B. The activating hormone activates an enzyme, most often adenylate cyclase C. Activated adenylate cyclase catalyzes the transformation of AMP to cyclic AMP D. Cyclic AMP causes the activation of protein kinase E. None of these are correct.arrow_forwardRegulatory molecules (enzymes, 2nd messengers & effectors) influenced by G-protein systems: YOU CAN CHOOSE MORE THAN 1 A.adenylyl cyclase B.phospholipase c C.ion channels (Ca2+, K+) D.protein kinasesarrow_forward
- Carbon monoxide is a deadly gas. This is due to its quick activation of specific signaling pathways in cells of our body. Since this is a gas, it most likely uses.... Select one: a. A transmembrane cell surface receptor since it cannot pass through cell membranes b. A voltage-gated ion channel receptor since it creates a charge when crossing the cell membrane c. An intracellular receptor since it can easily diffuse across a membranearrow_forwardA scientist observes a mutation in the transmembrane region of EGFR that eliminates its ability to be stabilized by binding interactions during dimerization after ligand binding. Which hypothesis regarding the effect of this mutation on EGF signaling is most likely to be correct? a. EGF signaling cascades would be active for longer in the cell. b. EGF signaling cascades would be active for a shorter period of time in the cell. c. EGF signaling cascades would not occur. d. EGF signaling would be unaffected.arrow_forwardWhen a signal molecule (hormone) binds at a G protein-coupled receptor, the G protein a. Binds with GTP b. Becomes deactivated c. Binds with cAMP d. Binds with a kinase e. Binds to the signal moleculearrow_forward
- Intracellular receptors bind to signaling molecules that are A. anionic. B. cationic. C. nonpolar. D. polypeptides.arrow_forwardCell signaling systems: A. autocrine B. paracrine C. endocrine D. none among the given Which will have cell receptors on its own cell's surface that respond to the messenger? A B C Darrow_forwardA small number of cell surface receptors and low amounts of signals (ligands) can generate a large intracellular response as each step of the signal transduction pathway can be expanded by... A. gene amplification, i.e. increasing the number of target genes. B. enzyme-mediated signal amplification, e.g. phosphorylation cascades. C. the synthesis of new proteins. D. ATP Synthase, e.g. by building proton (H+) gradients.arrow_forward
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Intro to Cell Signaling; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dbRterutHY;License: Standard youtube license