CAMPBELL BIOLOGY,VOL.II >CUSTOM<
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781323803677
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 44, Problem 11TYU
SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE
The marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus), which spends long periods under water feeding on seaweed, relies on both salt glands and kidneys for homeostasis of its internal fluids. Describe how these organs together meet the particular osmoregulatory challenges of this animal’s environment.
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Elucidate the fundamental challenges the aquatic vertebrates and terrestrial vertebrates face in osmoregulation and their strategies to overcome them. Emphasize the modifications of their osmoregulatory organs.
Which mechanism of osmoregulation is shared by sharks and hagfish?
the osmolarity of their plasma is about the same as that of sea water
both are osmoregulators
both excrete all of their nitrogenous wastes as uric acid
both drink large amounts of fresh water to avoid desiccation (drying out)
The mammalian kidney contains an immense network of nephrons that functions to conserve water by producing urine that is hyperosmotic compared to other body fluids.
Describe in detail how the transport epithelia of the nephron and collecting duct are able to use transport mechanisms to process the filtrate as it moves through the vessels and produce a hyperosmotic filtrate.
Chapter 44 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY,VOL.II >CUSTOM<
Ch. 44.1 - The movement of salt from the surrounding water to...Ch. 44.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 44.1 - WHAT IF? Researchers found that a camel in the...Ch. 44.2 - What advantage does uric acid offer as a...Ch. 44.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 44.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 44.3 - Where and how does filtrate originate in the...Ch. 44.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 44.4 - What do the number and length of nephrons in a...Ch. 44.4 - Many medications make the epithelium of the...
Ch. 44.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 44.5 - How does alcohol affect regulation of water...Ch. 44.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 44.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 44 - Prob. 44.1CRCh. 44 - DRAW IT Construct a table summarizing the three...Ch. 44 - Prob. 44.3CRCh. 44 - Prob. 44.4CRCh. 44 - Why can only some patients with diabetes insipidus...Ch. 44 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 44 - The high osmolality of the renal medulla is...Ch. 44 - In which of the following species should natural...Ch. 44 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 44 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY You are exploring kidney...Ch. 44 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 44 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE The marine iguana...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Could you help me with this question? All info has been provided.arrow_forwardA scientist interested in studying aquaporins plans to examine the different parts of mammalian nephrons in which large numbers of aquaporins can be found. This researcher would NOT choose to examine the…arrow_forwardDescribe the underlying osmoregulation issues that aquatic and terrestrial animals confront, as well as their solutions for overcoming them. Emphasize how their osmoregulatory organs have modified.arrow_forward
- please helparrow_forwardThe mammalian kidney contains an immense network of nephrons that functions to conserve water by producing urine that is hyperosmotic compared to other body fluids. Explain how the transport epithelia of the nephron and collecting duct are able to use transport mechanisms to process the filtrate as it moves through the vessels and produce a hyperosmotic filtrate.arrow_forwardAs the text noted, two-thirds of the water and solutes that the body reclaims by reabsorption in nephrons occurs in the proximal tubule. Proximal tubule cells have large numbers of mitochondria and demand a great deal of oxygen. Explain why.arrow_forward
- Which one of the following is extremely important for water conservation in mammals? juxtamedullary nephrons podocytes Bowman's capsule urethra ureterarrow_forwardAll osmoregulators are marine. This statement is (T/F). • If true, enter x in the blanks below. • If false, then how would you change the sentence to make it correct? You can change two words at most. Changes that just reverse the meaning (e.g. changing "is" to "isn't" or "all" to "none") will not earn credit. I would change the word(s) to the word(s) to make the sentence correct.arrow_forwardIs this corrarrow_forward
- is this rightarrow_forwardThe human kidney helps control water and electrolyte balance and excretion of nitrogenous wastes. As water and solutes move through the nephron of the kidney, water is absorbed and transporters help transfer solutes in and out of the nephron. The urine is collected at the end of the nephron in a collecting duct and then transferred to the bladder. The sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) is a Na+-glucose symport protein highly expressed in kidney epithelial cells lining the nephron. SGLT2 uses the Na+ gradient to transport glucose from the kidney nephron tubule into the epithelial cell cytosol. The glucose then returns to the bloodstream through passive transport out of the epithelial cells by the glucose transporter GLUT2. Blood glucose levels are higher than normal in people with type 2 diabetes. One goal of type 2 diabetes treatment is to lower blood glucose levels. One way to do so is to keep glucose in the nephron tubule where it can be transferred to the bladder and excreted.…arrow_forwardThe diagram below of part of a nephron shows some of the pressure gradients that are involved in the movement of fluids from blood to the glomerular filtrate within the Bowman's capsule. The numbers represent hydrostatic pressure in kPA. Afferent arteriole (9.32) Glomerulus Efferent arteriole (2.34) -Bowman's caps Colloid osmotic pressure of the plasma in the glomerular capillaries (4.26) Net fitration Distal convoluted Proximal convoluted tubule tubule (1.33)arrow_forward
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