Problem Solving with C++ (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780133591743
Author: Walter Savitch
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 4.3, Problem 8STE
Program Plan Intro
Description of Function:
Function has two parts that are called “function declaration” and “function definition”.
- The function declaration defines how the function is called.
- The function definition defines how the function computes the value it returns.
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Students have asked these similar questions
The next problem concerns the following C code:
/copy input string x to buf */
void foo (char *x) {
char buf [8];
strcpy((char *) buf, x);
}
void callfoo() {
}
foo("ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA");
Here is the corresponding machine code on a Linux/x86 machine:
0000000000400530 :
400530:
48 83 ec 18
sub
$0x18,%rsp
400534:
48 89 fe
mov
%rdi, %rsi
400537:
48 89 e7
mov
%rsp,%rdi
40053a:
e8 di fe ff ff
callq
400410
40053f:
48 83 c4 18
add
$0x18,%rsp
400543:
c3
retq
400544:
0000000000400544 :
48 83 ec 08
sub
$0x8,%rsp
400548:
bf 00 06 40 00
mov
$0x400600,%edi
40054d:
e8 de ff ff ff
callq 400530
400552:
48 83 c4 08
add
$0x8,%rsp
400556:
c3
This problem tests your understanding of the program stack. Here are some notes to
help you work the problem:
⚫ strcpy(char *dst, char *src) copies the string at address src (including
the terminating '\0' character) to address dst. It does not check the size of
the destination buffer.
• You will need to know the hex values of the following characters:
1234
3. Which line prevents compiler optimization? Circle one: 1234
Suggested solution:
Store strlen(str) in a variable before the if statement.
⚫ Remove the if statement.
Replace index 0 && index < strlen(str)) {
5 }
}
=
str [index] = val;
Character Hex value | Character Hex value Character Hex value
'A'
0x41
'J'
Ox4a
'S'
0x53
'B'
0x42
'K'
0x4b
"T"
0x54
0x43
'L'
Ox4c
'U'
0x55
0x44
'M'
0x4d
'V'
0x56
0x45
'N'
Ox4e
'W'
0x57
0x46
'0'
Ox4f
'X'
0x58
0x47
'P'
0x50
'Y'
0x59
0x48
'Q'
0x51
'Z'
Ox5a
'T'
0x49
'R'
0x52
'\0'
0x00
Now consider what happens on a Linux/x86 machine when callfoo calls foo with
the input string "ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA".
A. On the left draw the state of the stack just before the execution of the instruction
at address Ox40053a; make sure to show the frames for callfoo and foo and
the exact return address, in Hex at the bottom of the callfoo frame.
Then, on the right, draw the state of the stack just after the instruction got
executed; make sure to show where the string "ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA"
is placed and what part, if any, of the above return address has been overwritten.
B. Immediately after the ret instruction at address 0x400543 executes, what is
the value of the program counter register %rip?…
Chapter 4 Solutions
Problem Solving with C++ (9th Edition)
Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 1STECh. 4.2 - Convert each of the following mathematical...Ch. 4.2 - Write a complete C++ program to compute and output...Ch. 4.2 - Write and compile short programs to test the...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 5STECh. 4.3 - Prob. 6STECh. 4.3 - Prob. 7STECh. 4.3 - Prob. 8STECh. 4.3 - Carefully describe the call-by-value parameter...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 10STE
Ch. 4.3 - Write a function definition for a function called...Ch. 4.3 - Write a function definition for a function called...Ch. 4.3 - Write a function definition for a function isDigit...Ch. 4.3 - Write a function definition for a function...Ch. 4.4 - What is the purpose of the comment that...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 16STECh. 4.4 - Prob. 17STECh. 4.4 - Carefully describe the process of program testing.Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 19STECh. 4.5 - If you use a variable in a function definition,...Ch. 4.5 - Suppose a function named Function1 has a variable...Ch. 4.5 - The following function is supposed to take as...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 23STECh. 4.6 - Prob. 24STECh. 4.6 - Prob. 25STECh. 4.6 - Prob. 26STECh. 4.6 - Suppose you have two function definitions with the...Ch. 4.6 - This question has to do with the Programming...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 29STECh. 4 - A liter is 0.264179 gallons. Write a program that...Ch. 4 - Modify your program from Practice Program 1 so...Ch. 4 - The price of stocks is sometimes given to the...Ch. 4 - Write a program to gauge the rate of inflation for...Ch. 4 - Enhance your program from the previous Practice...Ch. 4 - Write a function declaration for a function that...Ch. 4 - The gravitational attractive force between two...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8PCh. 4 - Prob. 9PCh. 4 - Write a program that computes the annual after-tax...Ch. 4 - Write a program that asks for the users height,...Ch. 4 - Modify your program from Programming Project 2 so...Ch. 4 - Write a program that outputs the lyrics for the...Ch. 4 - To maintain ones body weight, an adult human needs...Ch. 4 - You have invented a vending machine capable of...Ch. 4 - Your time machine is capable of going forward in...Ch. 4 - Do Programming Project 11 from Chapter 3 except...
Knowledge Booster
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- The next problem concerns the following C code: /copy input string x to buf */ void foo (char *x) { char buf [8]; strcpy((char *) buf, x); } void callfoo() { } foo("ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA"); Here is the corresponding machine code on a Linux/x86 machine: 0000000000400530 : 400530: 48 83 ec 18 sub $0x18,%rsp 400534: 48 89 fe mov %rdi, %rsi 400537: 48 89 e7 mov %rsp,%rdi 40053a: e8 di fe ff ff callq 400410 40053f: 48 83 c4 18 add $0x18,%rsp 400543: c3 retq 400544: 0000000000400544 : 48 83 ec 08 sub $0x8,%rsp 400548: bf 00 06 40 00 mov $0x400600,%edi 40054d: e8 de ff ff ff callq 400530 400552: 48 83 c4 08 add $0x8,%rsp 400556: c3 This problem tests your understanding of the program stack. Here are some notes to help you work the problem: ⚫ strcpy(char *dst, char *src) copies the string at address src (including the terminating '\0' character) to address dst. It does not check the size of the destination buffer. • You will need to know the hex values of the following characters:arrow_forwardConsider the following assembly code for a C for loop: movl $0, %eax jmp .L2 .L3: addq $1, %rdi addq %rsi, %rax subq $1, %rsi .L2: cmpq %rsi, %rdi jl .L3 addq ret %rdi, %rax Based on the assembly code above, fill in the blanks below in its corresponding C source code. Recall that registers %rdi and %rsi contain the first and second, respectively, argument of a function. (Note: you may only use the symbolic variables x, y, and result in your expressions below do not use register names.) long loop (long x, long y) { long result; } for ( } return result; __; y--) {arrow_forwardIn each of the following C code snippets, there are issues that can prevent the compiler from applying certain optimizations. For each snippet: Circle the line number that contains compiler optimization blocker. ⚫ Select the best modification to improve optimization. 1. Which line prevents compiler optimization? Circle one: 2 3 4 5 6 Suggested solution: ⚫ Remove printf or move it outside the loop. Remove the loop. • Replace arr[i] with a constant value. 1 int sum (int *arr, int n) { 2 int s = 0; 3 for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { 4 5 6 } 7 8 } s = arr[i]; printf("%d\n", s); return s; 234206 2. Which line prevents compiler optimization? Circle one: 2 3 4 5 6 Suggested solution: Move or eliminate do_extra_work() if it's not necessary inside the loop. Remove the loop (but what about scaling?). ⚫ Replace arr[i] *= factor; with arr[i] = 0; (why would that help?). 1 void scale (int *arr, int n, int factor) { 5 6 } for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { rr[i] = factor; do_extra_work ();arrow_forward
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