Chapter 4.3, Problem 59P

To determine

(a)

To explain:

A reason in terms of the way birds fly for the shape of the graph $f(v)$.

To determine

(b)

To find:

The relation between $f(v)$ and $a(v).$

To determine

(c)

To explain:

The minimum point of $a(v)$ in the graph.

To determine

(d)

To explain:

Whether the bird tries to minimize $f(v)$ or $a(v)$ when it is flying.