Chapter 4.15, Problem 52P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Fischer projections of four stereoisomers of the given compound has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Stereoisomers are isomers which have different spatial arrangement in spite of same bond connectivity.  Stereoisomers are due to the presence of stereocenter.

Asymmetric center is a stereocenter which arises to hydrocarbons if the carbon is bonded to four different groups.

Fischer projections: the asymmetric center (carbon) represents as the point of intersection of two perpendicular lines, in which the horizontal lines represent the bonds that project out of the plane of the paper and the vertical lines represent the bonds that away from the plane of the paper.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The perspective formulas of four stereoisomers of the given compound has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Stereoisomers are isomers which have different spatial arrangement in spite of same bond connectivity.  Stereoisomers are due to the presence of stereo center.

Asymmetric center is a stereo center which arises to hydrocarbons if the carbon is bonded to four different groups.

Perceptive formula: draw two bonds of asymmetric carbon is in plane, one bond as a solid wedge that coming out of plane and the fourth bond as hatched wedge that pointing away from the plane.  The solid wedge is always below to the hatched wedge.