Electric Circuits. (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134746968
Author: James W. Nilsson, Susan Riedel
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 4, Problem 83P
To determine
Using PSPICE find the percentage of the total power developed in the given circuit delivered to variable resistor
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Can you help me achieve the requirements using
Arduino? I have encountered some issues with these
requirements.
Q.2: Suppose you have two push buttons connected to ports (0 & 1) and four LED's connected to ports (6-9). Write
a program to flash ON the odd LED's if we press the switch 0 for 4s, flash ON the even LED's if we press the
switch 1 for 5s and flash ON all the LED's otherwise for 6s.
Charge carrier concentration in doped semiconductor:
compensation
n = Na - Na
Na - Na >> ni
n-type
p = n₁²/n
2
if N₂ >> N₁, n = N₁_ and _p=n² / Na
d
p = Na-Nd
p-type
Na-Na >> n₁
d
2
n = n₁₂²/p
2
if N₁ >> N₁, p = N₁ and n = n² / Na
a
n-type
Dopant compensation: Examples
d
n = Na-N₁ = 4×10¹ cm¯
-3
++++++
n = 4×1016 cm-³
N=6×1016 cm-3
p=n/n=1020/4×1016 = 2.5×10³ cm
p-type
-3
p=Na-N₁ =8×10 −6×1016 = 2×10¹6 cm³
n=n²/p=1020/2×101 =5×10³ cm³
N2×1016 cm³
++++++
N=6x1016 cm-3
N = 8×1016 cm-3
p=2×1016 cm³
The resulting charge carrier concentration in compensated semiconductor
approximately equals the difference between the donor and acceptor concentrations.
Charge carrier concentration in n-type and p-type semiconductors
1. Calculate concentrations of electrons and holes at room
temperature in Si containing 2x1017 cm³ of donors and 8x1016
-3
cm³ of acceptors. Assume that Na, Nd >> n;.
αν
2. Calculate concentrations of electrons and holes at room
temperature in Ge containing 2x10¹7 cm³ of…
lonization energy of dopants in semiconductors
lonization energy of shallow donors and acceptors can be evaluated using
hydrogenic model:
lonization energy E Hion and orbital radius a, of hydrogen atom
Hydrogen Atom
moe4
EHion
= 13.6 eV a =
8ε²h²
Απερη
mee²
= 5.2918 x 10-11 m
lonization energy Eion and orbital radius D,A of donors
and acceptors
electron
m* e4
Eion
=
~50 meV
8K² &²h²
4πεερη2
"D,A
1 nm
m*e²
Orbit of an electron bound to a
donor in a semiconductor crystal.
Energy levels of donors and acceptors
Conduction Band
↓
Ec
-Ed
Donor Level
Donor ionization energy
Acceptor ionization energy
Acceptor Level
Εα
Ev
Valence Band
Ionization energy of selected donors and acceptors in silicon
Donors
Acceptors
Dopant
Sb
P
As
B
Al In
Ionization energy, Ec-Ed or Ea-E, (meV) 39
44
54
45
57
160
Hydrogenic model of donors and acceptors
Calculate the ionization energies and orbit radii of donors and acceptors
in Si and Ge.
Dielectric constant of silicon is k = 11.7.
Dielectric constant of…
Chapter 4 Solutions
Electric Circuits. (11th Edition)
Ch. 4.2 - a) For the circuit shown, use the node-voltage...Ch. 4.2 - Use the node-voltage method to find v in the...Ch. 4.3 - Use the node-voltage method to find the power...Ch. 4.4 - Use the node-voltage method to find vo in the...Ch. 4.4 - Use the node-voltage method to find v in the...Ch. 4.4 - Use the node-voltage method to find v1 in the...Ch. 4.5 - Use the mesh-current method to find (a) the power...Ch. 4.6 - Determine the number of mesh-current equations...Ch. 4.6 - Use the mesh-current method to find vo in the...Ch. 4.7 - Use the mesh-current method to find the power...
Ch. 4.7 - Use the mesh-current method to find the mesh...Ch. 4.7 - Use the mesh-current method to find the power...Ch. 4.8 - Find the power delivered by the 2 A current source...Ch. 4.8 - Find the power delivered by the 4 A current source...Ch. 4.9 - Use a series of source transformations to find the...Ch. 4.10 - Find the Thévenin equivalent circuit with respect...Ch. 4.10 - Find the Norton equivalent circuit with respect to...Ch. 4.10 - A voltmeter with an internal resistance of 100 kΩ...Ch. 4.11 - Find the Thévenin equivalent circuit with respect...Ch. 4.11 - Find the Thévenin equivalent circuit with respect...Ch. 4.12 - Find the value of R that enables the circuit shown...Ch. 4.12 - Assume that the circuit in Assessment Problem 4.21...Ch. 4 - For the circuit shown in Fig. P4.1, state the...Ch. 4 - If only the essential nodes and branches are...Ch. 4 - Assume the voltage vs in the circuit in Fig. P4.3...Ch. 4 - A current leaving a node is defined as...Ch. 4 - Look at the circuit in Fig. 4.4.
Write the KCL...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find vo in the...Ch. 4 - Find the power developed by the 40 mA current...Ch. 4 - A 100 Ω resistor is connected in series with the...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find how much power...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find v1 and v2 in...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find v1 and v2 in...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the branch...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find v1, v2, and v3...Ch. 4 - The circuit shown in Fig. P4.14 is a dc model of a...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the total...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to show that the...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to calculate the power...Ch. 4 - Use the node voltage method to find vo for the...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the total...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find vo in the...Ch. 4 - Find the node voltages v1, v2, and v3 in the...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the value of...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the branch...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the value of...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the power...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find io in the...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find υ0 and the...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find vo in the...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the power...Ch. 4 - Assume you are a project engineer and one of your...Ch. 4 - Show that when Eqs. 4.13, 4.14, and 4.16 are...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.12 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.14 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.25 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.26 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find the branch...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find the total...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.17 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find the power...Ch. 4 - Use mesh-current method to find the power...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find the power...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find vo in the...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.10 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.21 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find how much power...Ch. 4 -
Use the mesh-current method to solve for iΔ in...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to determine which...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find the total...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.23 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find the total...Ch. 4 - Assume the 20 V source in the circuit in Fig....Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find the branch...Ch. 4 - Find the branch currents ia − ie for the circuit...Ch. 4 - The variable de voltage source in the circuit in...Ch. 4 - The variable de current source in the circuit in...Ch. 4 - Assume you have been asked to find the power...Ch. 4 - A 4 kΩ resistor is placed in parallel with the 10...Ch. 4 - Would you use the node-voltage or mesh- current...Ch. 4 - Use source transformations to find the current io...Ch. 4 - Find the current io in the circuit in Fig. P4.60...Ch. 4 - Make a series of source transformations to find...Ch. 4 - Use a series of source transformations to find i0...Ch. 4 - Use source transformations to find vo in the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 64PCh. 4 - Find the Norton equivalent with respect to the...Ch. 4 - Find the Norton equivalent with respect to the...Ch. 4 - Find the Thévenin equivalent with respect to the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 68PCh. 4 - Prob. 69PCh. 4 - Prob. 70PCh. 4 - A Thévenin equivalent can also be determined from...Ch. 4 - Prob. 72PCh. 4 - The Wheatstone bridge in the circuit shown in Fig....Ch. 4 - Prob. 74PCh. 4 - Find the Norton equivalent with respect to the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 76PCh. 4 - Prob. 77PCh. 4 - Find the Thévenin equivalent with respect to the...Ch. 4 - Find the Thévenin equivalent with respect to the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 80PCh. 4 - Find the Norton equivalent with respect to the...Ch. 4 - The variable resistor in the circuit in Fig. P4.82...Ch. 4 - Prob. 83PCh. 4 - a) Calculate the power delivered for each value of...Ch. 4 - Find the value of the variable resistor Ro in the...Ch. 4 - A variable resistor R0 is connected across the...Ch. 4 - The variable resistor (R0) in the circuit in Fig....Ch. 4 - The variable resistor (Ro) in the circuit in Fig....Ch. 4 - The variable resistor (RL) in the circuit in Fig....Ch. 4 - Prob. 90PCh. 4 - The variable resistor in the circuit in Fig. P4.91...Ch. 4 - Use the principle of superposition to find the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 93PCh. 4 - Use the principle of superposition to find the...Ch. 4 - a) In the circuit in Fig. P4.95, before the 10 mA...Ch. 4 - Use the principle of superposition to find the...Ch. 4 - Use the principle of superposition to find the...Ch. 4 - Use the principle of superposition to find vo in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 99PCh. 4 - Prob. 100PCh. 4 - Assume your supervisor has asked you to determine...Ch. 4 - Prob. 102PCh. 4 - Laboratory measurements or a dc voltage source...Ch. 4 - Prob. 104PCh. 4 - Prob. 105PCh. 4 - Repeat Problem 4.105 if Ig2 increases to 17 A and...Ch. 4 - Prob. 107PCh. 4 - Use the results given in Table 4.2 to predict the...
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- I need help in construct a method in matlab to find the voltage of VR1 to VR4, rhe current, and the power base on that circuit Nominal or Theortical: E1 = 3V , E2 = 9V, E3 = 1.5V R1 =10Kohm, R2 =2Kohm, R3 =1Kohm, R4 =16Kohmarrow_forwardProcedure:- 1- Connect the cct. shown in fig.(2). a ADDs Ds Fig.(2) 2-For resistive load, measure le output voltage by using oscilloscope; then sketch this wave. 3- Measure the average values f VL and IL: 4- Repeat steps 2 & 3 but for RL load. Report:- 1- Calculate the D.C. output vcl age theoretically and compare it with the test value. 2- Calculate the harmonic cont :nts of the load voltage, and explain how filter components may be selected. 3- Compare between the three-phase half & full-wave uncontrolled bridge rectifier. 4- Draw the waveform for the c:t. shown in fig.(2) but after replaced Di and D3 by thyristors with a = 30° and a2 = 90° 5- Draw the waveform for the cct. shown in fig.(2) but after replace the 6-diodes by 6- thyristor. 6- Discuss your results. Draw the waves on graph paper please Please solve No. 4 and 5arrow_forwardnot use ai please chat gpt How to draw this in LtSpicearrow_forward
- 4. Discussion: Compare between theoretical effect of KI at first order and second order systems regarding steady-state errors and transient responses with the practical In Experiment Integral Controllerarrow_forwardI would appreciate your help in solving the questions and drawing.arrow_forward498 FET AMPLIFIERS AND SWITCHING CIRCUITS FIGURE 9-54 FIGURE 0.55 5. Identify the type of FET and its bias arrangement in Figure 9-54. Ideally, what is Vas? 6. Calculate the dc voltages from each terminal to ground for the FETs in Figure 9-54. +15 V -10 V +12 V 8 mA Ro 3 mA 1.0 ΚΩ Rp 1.5 ΚΩ Rp 6 mA R₁ 1.0 ΚΩ 10 ΚΩ RG * 10 ΜΩ RG 10 ΜΩ ww Rs R₂ • 330 Ω · 4.7 ΚΩ (a) (b) 7. Identify each characteristic curve in Figure 9-55 by the type of FET that it represents.arrow_forward
- Can you help me achieve the requirements using Arduino? I have encountered some issues with these requirements. 1. Functionality:** The system must control 3 LEDS (Red, Green, and Blue) to produce at least 4 different lighting modes: a. **Mode 1: All LEDs blink simultaneously at 1-second intervals. b. Mode 2: LEDs blink in sequence (Red → Green → Blue) with a 500ms delay between each LED. c. **Mode 3:** LEDs fade in and out smoothly (PWM control) in the order Red Green → Blue. d. **Mode 4: Custom mode (e.g., random blinking or a pattern of your choice). 2. Constraints:** -Use only one push button to cycle through the modes. -The system must operate within a 5V power supply. -The total current drawn by the LEDs must not exceed 100mA. -Use resistors to limit the current through each LED appropriately. 3. Design Process:** -Analysis: Calculate the required resistor values for each LED to ensure they operate within their specified current limits. Synthesis: Develop a circuit schematic and…arrow_forwardnot use ai pleasearrow_forwardProcedure:- 1- Connect the cct. shown in fig.(2). a ADDS DS Fig.(2) 2-For resistive load, measure le output voltage by using oscilloscope ;then sketch this wave. 3- Measure the average values ::f VL and IL: 4- Repeat steps 2 & 3 but for RL load. Report:- 1- Calculate the D.C. output vcl age theoretically and compare it with the test value. 2- Calculate the harmonic cont :nts of the load voltage, and explain how filter components may be selected. 3- Compare between the three-phase half & full-wave uncontrolled bridge rectifier. 4- Draw the waveform for the c:t. shown in fig.(2) but after replaced Di and D3 by thyristors with a 30° and a2 = 90° 5- Draw the waveform for the cct. shown in fig.(2) but after replace the 6-diodes by 6- thyristor. 6- Discuss your results. Please solve No. 4 and 5arrow_forward
- a.) Sketch each of the following signals, and starting with the defining relation, finds its Fourier transform X (w) - a) x(t) = rect(t − 3) b) x(t)=3t rect(t) c) x(t) = 2te 3u1(t) d) x(t) = e−2|t| b.) Sketch the magnitude and phase spectrum for the four signals in Problem (a). c) Calculate energy using time-domain and frequency domain formulas for signals in Problem (a) and (b). Confirm Parseval's theorem using these calculations.arrow_forwardI need help in construct a method in matlab to find the voltage of VR1 to VR4, rhe current, and the power base on that circuit Nominal or Theortical: E1 = 3V , E2 = 9V, E3 = 1.5V R1 =10Kohm, R2 =2Kohm, R3 =1Kohm, R4 =16Kohmarrow_forwardI have a question based on the mesh anaylsis, why does current around R1 and the same as R3?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)Electrical EngineeringISBN:9780133923605Author:Robert L. BoylestadPublisher:PEARSON
Delmar's Standard Textbook Of ElectricityElectrical EngineeringISBN:9781337900348Author:Stephen L. HermanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Programmable Logic ControllersElectrical EngineeringISBN:9780073373843Author:Frank D. PetruzellaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Fundamentals of Electric CircuitsElectrical EngineeringISBN:9780078028229Author:Charles K Alexander, Matthew SadikuPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Electric Circuits. (11th Edition)Electrical EngineeringISBN:9780134746968Author:James W. Nilsson, Susan RiedelPublisher:PEARSON
Engineering ElectromagneticsElectrical EngineeringISBN:9780078028151Author:Hayt, William H. (william Hart), Jr, BUCK, John A.Publisher:Mcgraw-hill Education,
Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:9780133923605
Author:Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher:PEARSON
Delmar's Standard Textbook Of Electricity
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:9781337900348
Author:Stephen L. Herman
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Programmable Logic Controllers
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:9780073373843
Author:Frank D. Petruzella
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Fundamentals of Electric Circuits
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:9780078028229
Author:Charles K Alexander, Matthew Sadiku
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Electric Circuits. (11th Edition)
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:9780134746968
Author:James W. Nilsson, Susan Riedel
Publisher:PEARSON
Engineering Electromagnetics
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:9780078028151
Author:Hayt, William H. (william Hart), Jr, BUCK, John A.
Publisher:Mcgraw-hill Education,