Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The axial or equatorial substituents on the rings of the given structure A are to be labeled.
Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. The chair conformation of cyclohexane consists of six axial and six equatorial bonds.
The six axial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are parallel and alternate to each other and are in up-down position.
The six equatorial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are present in three sets of two parallel ring bonds. They are in alternate position between the sides around the ring.
(b)
Interpretation: The skeletal structure of A with the help of wedges and dashed wedges is to be drawn in order to show whether the substituents are located above or below the rings.
Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. When two substituents in a conformation are in up or down direction then it is known as cis conformation. But if one substituent is in upward direction and the other is facing down direction, then the conformation is known as trans.
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