(a) Interpretation: The chair form of trans -and cis -decalin for the cyclohexane rings are to be drawn. Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. The chair conformation of cyclohexane consists of six axial and six equatorial bonds. The six axial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are parallel and alternate to each other and are in up-down position. The six equatorial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are present in three sets of two parallel ring bonds. They are in alternate position between the sides around the ring.

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Answer 1

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Chapter 4, Problem 74P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The chair form of trans-and cis-decalin for the cyclohexane rings are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. The chair conformation of cyclohexane consists of six axial and six equatorial bonds.

The six axial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are parallel and alternate to each other and are in up-down position.

The six equatorial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are present in three sets of two parallel ring bonds. They are in alternate position between the sides around the ring.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: An explanation corresponding to the fact that the trans isomer is more stable is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. When two substituents in a conformation are in up or down direction then it is known as cis conformation. But if one substituent is in upward direction and the other is facing down direction, then the conformation is known as trans.

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TRUE OR FALSE (a) Both ethylene and acetylene are planar molecules. (b) An alkene in which each carbon of the double bond has two different groups bonded to it will show cis-trans isomerism. (c) Cis-trans isomers have the same molecular formula but a different connectivity of their atoms. (d) Cis-2-butene and trans -2-butene can be interconverted by rotation about the carbon–carbon double bond. (e) Cis-trans isomerism is possible only among appropriately substituted alkenes. (f) Both 2-hexene and 3-hexene can exist as pairs of cis-trans isomers. (g) Cyclohexene can exist as a pair of cis-trans isomers. (h) 1-Chloropropene can exist as a pair of cis-trans isomers.

Draw the skeletal (bond-line) structures of all isomers of C4H8O (including configurational isomers) that contain an alkene and an ether. There should be 5 structures.

Compounds B and C are hydrocarbons with the structural formulae as shown below. CH, „CH, в (a) Name compounds B and C according to the IUPAC nomenclature. (b) Both B and C can undergo oxidation reaction with the same oxidizing agent. Write chemical equations involved and explain the differences between these two reactions. (c) Name one reaction that converts B to methylcyclohexane.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 74P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The chair form of trans-and cis-decalin for the cyclohexane rings are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. The chair conformation of cyclohexane consists of six axial and six equatorial bonds.

The six axial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are parallel and alternate to each other and are in up-down position.

The six equatorial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are present in three sets of two parallel ring bonds. They are in alternate position between the sides around the ring.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: An explanation corresponding to the fact that the trans isomer is more stable is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. When two substituents in a conformation are in up or down direction then it is known as cis conformation. But if one substituent is in upward direction and the other is facing down direction, then the conformation is known as trans.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 74P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The chair form of trans-and cis-decalin for the cyclohexane rings are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. The chair conformation of cyclohexane consists of six axial and six equatorial bonds.

The six axial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are parallel and alternate to each other and are in up-down position.

The six equatorial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are present in three sets of two parallel ring bonds. They are in alternate position between the sides around the ring.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: An explanation corresponding to the fact that the trans isomer is more stable is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. When two substituents in a conformation are in up or down direction then it is known as cis conformation. But if one substituent is in upward direction and the other is facing down direction, then the conformation is known as trans.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 74P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The chair form of trans-and cis-decalin for the cyclohexane rings are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. The chair conformation of cyclohexane consists of six axial and six equatorial bonds.

The six axial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are parallel and alternate to each other and are in up-down position.

The six equatorial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are present in three sets of two parallel ring bonds. They are in alternate position between the sides around the ring.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: An explanation corresponding to the fact that the trans isomer is more stable is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. When two substituents in a conformation are in up or down direction then it is known as cis conformation. But if one substituent is in upward direction and the other is facing down direction, then the conformation is known as trans.

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Answer 5

Chapter 4, Problem 74P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The chair form of trans-and cis-decalin for the cyclohexane rings are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. The chair conformation of cyclohexane consists of six axial and six equatorial bonds.

The six axial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are parallel and alternate to each other and are in up-down position.

The six equatorial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are present in three sets of two parallel ring bonds. They are in alternate position between the sides around the ring.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: An explanation corresponding to the fact that the trans isomer is more stable is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. When two substituents in a conformation are in up or down direction then it is known as cis conformation. But if one substituent is in upward direction and the other is facing down direction, then the conformation is known as trans.

Answer 6

Chapter 4, Problem 74P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The chair form of trans-and cis-decalin for the cyclohexane rings are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. The chair conformation of cyclohexane consists of six axial and six equatorial bonds.

The six axial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are parallel and alternate to each other and are in up-down position.

The six equatorial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are present in three sets of two parallel ring bonds. They are in alternate position between the sides around the ring.

Answer 7

Chapter 4, Problem 74P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The chair form of trans-and cis-decalin for the cyclohexane rings are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. The chair conformation of cyclohexane consists of six axial and six equatorial bonds.

The six axial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are parallel and alternate to each other and are in up-down position.

The six equatorial bonds present one on each carbon atom, are present in three sets of two parallel ring bonds. They are in alternate position between the sides around the ring.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: An explanation corresponding to the fact that the trans isomer is more stable is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. When two substituents in a conformation are in up or down direction then it is known as cis conformation. But if one substituent is in upward direction and the other is facing down direction, then the conformation is known as trans.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: An explanation corresponding to the fact that the trans isomer is more stable is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The different spatial arrangements of atoms that results from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers. When two substituents in a conformation are in up or down direction then it is known as cis conformation. But if one substituent is in upward direction and the other is facing down direction, then the conformation is known as trans.

Answer 10

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 4.1 - Problem 4.2 Which of the following is not another...Ch. 4.1 - Problem 4.3 Draw the five constitutional isomers...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 4P Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 5P Ch. 4.2 - Draw the five constitutional isomers that have...Ch. 4.4 - Problem 4.7 Give the IUPAC name for each...Ch. 4.4 - Give the IUPAC name for each compound. a....Ch. 4.4 - Problem 4.9 Give the structure corresponding to...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains the different spatial arrangements of atoms that result from the rotation about single bonds are called conformational isomers.

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