Organic Chemistry 3rd.ed. Klein Evaluation/desk Copy
Organic Chemistry 3rd.ed. Klein Evaluation/desk Copy
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781119320524
Author: Klein
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 4, Problem 73IP
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound that has the largest heat of combustion has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Heat of combustion (alkanes): For an alkane, the heat of combustion is the negative of the change in enthalpy (-ΔHo) associated with the complete combustion of 1mol of alkane in the presence of Oxygen. Heat of combustion can be measured experimentally and used to compare the stability of isomeric alkanes; are way to determine the relative stability of compounds.

Heat of combustion for rings of different sizes: Comparing the rings of different sizes by dividing the heat of combustion by the number of CH2 groups in the compound, giving a heat of combustion per CH2 group.

Ring strain: A type of instability that exists when bonds in a molecule from angles that are abnormal (deviate from ideal bond angles).

Generally, the bonds of larger cycloalkanes can position themselves three dimensionally so as to achieve a conformation that minimizes the total energy of the compound.

Conformations: Rotation about C-C single bonds allows a compound to adopt a variety of possible three-dimensional shapes.

Newman projections: The new conformations of compounds can be drawn and analyzed by Newman projections. A Newman projection visualizes different conformations of Carbon-carbon chemical bond from front to back with the front carbon represented as a black dot and the back represented as a circle.

The angle between two hydrogens of a Newman projection is called as dihedral angle or torsional angle. This dihedral angle changes as the C-C bond rotates. Two conformations with special attentions are staggered and eclipsed conformation. Staggered conformation is the lowest in energy and the eclipsed conformation is the highest in energy.

For example,

Organic Chemistry 3rd.ed. Klein Evaluation/desk Copy, Chapter 4, Problem 73IP , additional homework tip  1

Anti-conformation: The conformation with a dihedral angle of 180 is called anti-conformation.

Organic Chemistry 3rd.ed. Klein Evaluation/desk Copy, Chapter 4, Problem 73IP , additional homework tip  2

The two methyl groups achieve maximum separation from each other. In other, methyl groups are closer to each other; their electron clouds are repelling each other, causing an increase in energy. This unfavorable interaction is called gauche interaction.

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Chapter 4 Solutions

Organic Chemistry 3rd.ed. Klein Evaluation/desk Copy

Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 4LTSCh. 4.2 - Prob. 8PTSCh. 4.2 - Prob. 9PTSCh. 4.2 - Prob. 10ATSCh. 4.2 - Prob. 5LTSCh. 4.2 - Prob. 11PTSCh. 4.2 - Prob. 12PTSCh. 4.2 - Prob. 13ATSCh. 4.3 - Prob. 6LTSCh. 4.3 - Prob. 14PTSCh. 4.3 - Prob. 15ATSCh. 4.6 - Prob. 7LTSCh. 4.6 - Prob. 16PTSCh. 4.6 - Prob. 17ATSCh. 4.7 - Prob. 18CCCh. 4.8 - Prob. 8LTSCh. 4.8 - Prob. 19PTSCh. 4.8 - Prob. 20ATSCh. 4.11 - Prob. 9LTSCh. 4.11 - Prob. 21PTSCh. 4.11 - Prob. 22ATSCh. 4.11 - Prob. 10LTSCh. 4.11 - Prob. 23PTSCh. 4.11 - Prob. 24ATSCh. 4.12 - Prob. 11LTSCh. 4.12 - Prob. 25PTSCh. 4.12 - Prob. 26ATSCh. 4.12 - Prob. 27CCCh. 4.13 - Prob. 12LTSCh. 4.13 - Prob. 28PTSCh. 4.13 - Prob. 29ATSCh. 4.13 - Prob. 13LTSCh. 4.13 - Prob. 30PTSCh. 4.13 - Prob. 31ATSCh. 4.13 - Prob. 32ATSCh. 4.14 - Prob. 33CCCh. 4.14 - Prob. 34CCCh. 4.14 - Prob. 35CCCh. 4 - Prob. 36PPCh. 4 - Prob. 37PPCh. 4 - Prob. 38PPCh. 4 - Prob. 39PPCh. 4 - Prob. 40PPCh. 4 - Prob. 41PPCh. 4 - Prob. 42PPCh. 4 - Prob. 43PPCh. 4 - Prob. 44PPCh. 4 - Prob. 45PPCh. 4 - Prob. 46PPCh. 4 - Prob. 47PPCh. 4 - Prob. 48PPCh. 4 - Prob. 49PPCh. 4 - Prob. 50PPCh. 4 - Prob. 51PPCh. 4 - Prob. 52PPCh. 4 - Prob. 53PPCh. 4 - Prob. 54PPCh. 4 - Prob. 55PPCh. 4 - Prob. 56PPCh. 4 - Prob. 57PPCh. 4 - Prob. 58PPCh. 4 - Prob. 59PPCh. 4 - Prob. 60PPCh. 4 - Prob. 61IPCh. 4 - Prob. 62IPCh. 4 - Prob. 64IPCh. 4 - Prob. 65IPCh. 4 - Prob. 66IPCh. 4 - Prob. 67IPCh. 4 - Prob. 68IPCh. 4 - Prob. 69IPCh. 4 - Prob. 70IPCh. 4 - All of the following are representations of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 72IPCh. 4 - Which of the following is expected to have the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 74IPCh. 4 - Prob. 75CPCh. 4 - The all-trans-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexaethylcyclohexane...Ch. 4 - Compounds 1 and 2 were prepared, and the...
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