University Physics Volume 1
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781630182137
Author: Samuel J Ling Jeff, Sanny, William Moebs
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 65P
What is the acceleration of Venus toward the Sun, assuming a circular orbit?
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8.114 CALC A Variable-Mass Raindrop. In a rocket-propul-
sion problem the mass is variable. Another such problem is a rain-
drop falling through a cloud of small water droplets. Some of these
small droplets adhere to the raindrop, thereby increasing its mass
as it falls. The force on the raindrop is
dp
dv
dm
Fext
=
+
dt
dt
dt
=
Suppose the mass of the raindrop depends on the distance x that it
has fallen. Then m kx, where k is a constant, and dm/dt = kv.
This gives, since Fext
=
mg,
dv
mg = m
+ v(kv)
dt
Or, dividing by k,
dv
xgx
+ v²
dt
This is a differential equation that has a solution of the form
v = at, where a is the acceleration and is constant. Take the initial
velocity of the raindrop to be zero. (a) Using the proposed solution
for v, find the acceleration a. (b) Find the distance the raindrop has
fallen in t = 3.00 s. (c) Given that k = 2.00 g/m, find the mass of
the raindrop at t = 3.00 s. (For many more intriguing aspects of
this problem, see K. S. Krane, American Journal of…
8.13 A 2.00-kg stone is sliding Figure E8.13
F (kN)
to the right on a frictionless hori-
zontal surface at 5.00 m/s when
it is suddenly struck by an object
that exerts a large horizontal
force on it for a short period of 2.50
time. The graph in Fig. E8.13
shows the magnitude of this force
as a function of time. (a) What
impulse does this force exert on
t (ms)
15.0
16.0
the stone? (b) Just after the force stops acting, find the magnitude
and direction of the stone's velocity if the force acts (i) to the right
or (ii) to the left.
Chapter 4 Solutions
University Physics Volume 1
Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.1CYUCh. 4 - Prob. 4.2CYUCh. 4 - Check Your Understanding A rock is thrown...Ch. 4 - Check Your Understanding If the two golf shots in...Ch. 4 - Check Your Understanding A flywheel has a radius...Ch. 4 - Check Your Understanding A boat heads north in...Ch. 4 - What form does the trajectory of a particle have...Ch. 4 - Give an example of a trajectory in two or three...Ch. 4 - If the instantaneous velocity is zero, what can be...Ch. 4 - If the position function of a particle is a linear...
Ch. 4 - If an object has a constant x -component of the...Ch. 4 - If an object has a constant x -component of...Ch. 4 - Answer the following questions for projectile...Ch. 4 - Answer the following questions for projectile...Ch. 4 - A dime is placed at the edge of a table so it...Ch. 4 - Uniform Circular Motion Can centripetal...Ch. 4 - Can tangential acceleration change the speed of a...Ch. 4 - Dimensions What frame or frames of reference do...Ch. 4 - A basketball player dribbling down the court...Ch. 4 - If someone is riding in the back of a pickup thick...Ch. 4 - The hat of a jogger running at constant velocity...Ch. 4 - A clod of dirt falls from the bed of a moving...Ch. 4 - The coordinates of a particle in a rectangular...Ch. 4 - Prob. 18PCh. 4 - Prob. 19PCh. 4 - A bird files straight northeast a distance of 95.0...Ch. 4 - A cyclist rides 5.0 km due east, then 10.0 km 20...Ch. 4 - New York Rangers defenseman Daniel Girardi stands...Ch. 4 - Prob. 23PCh. 4 - Clay Matthews, a linebacker for the Green Bay...Ch. 4 - The F-35B Lighting II is a short-takeoff and...Ch. 4 - Prob. 26PCh. 4 - A particles acceleration is (4.0i+3.0j)m/s2. At...Ch. 4 - Prob. 28PCh. 4 - The position of a particle for t0 is given by...Ch. 4 - Prob. 30PCh. 4 - Prob. 31PCh. 4 - A Lockheed Martin F-35 II lighting jet takes off...Ch. 4 - Projectile Motion A bullet is shot horizontally...Ch. 4 - A marble rolls off a tabletop 1.0 m high and hits...Ch. 4 - A dart is thrown horizontally at a speed of 10 m/s...Ch. 4 - An airplane flying horizontally with a speed of...Ch. 4 - Suppose the airplane in the preceding problem...Ch. 4 - A fastball pitcher can throw a baseball at a speed...Ch. 4 - A projectile is launched at an angle of 30 and...Ch. 4 - A basketball player shoots toward a basket 6.1 m...Ch. 4 - At a particular instant, a hot air balloon is 100...Ch. 4 - A man on a motorcycle traveling at a uniform speed...Ch. 4 - An athlete can jump a distance of 8.0 m in the...Ch. 4 - The maximum horizontal distance a boy can throw a...Ch. 4 - A rock is thrown off a cliff at an angle of 53...Ch. 4 - Trying to escape his pursuers, a secret agent skis...Ch. 4 - A golfer on a fairway is 70 m away from the green,...Ch. 4 - A projectile is shot at a hill, the base of which...Ch. 4 - An astronaut on Mars kicks a soccer ball at an...Ch. 4 - Mike Powell holds the record for the long jump of...Ch. 4 - MIT’s robot cheetah can jump over obstacles 46 cm...Ch. 4 - Mt. Asama, Japan, is an active volcano. In 2009,...Ch. 4 - Drew Brees of the New Orleans Saints can throw a...Ch. 4 - The Lunar Roving Vehicle used In NASA’s late...Ch. 4 - A soccer goal is 2.44 m high. A player kicks the...Ch. 4 - Olympus Mons on Mars is the largest volcano in the...Ch. 4 - In 1999, Robbie Knievel was the first to jump the...Ch. 4 - You throw a baseball at an initial speed of 15.0...Ch. 4 - Aaron Rodgers throws a football at 20.0 m/s to his...Ch. 4 - A flywheel is rotating at 30 rev/s. What is the...Ch. 4 - A particle travels in a circle of radius 10 m at a...Ch. 4 - Cam Newton of the Carolina Panthers throws a...Ch. 4 - A fairground ride spins its occupants inside a...Ch. 4 - A runner taking part in the 200-m dash must run...Ch. 4 - What is the acceleration of Venus toward the Sun,...Ch. 4 - An experimental jet rocket travels around Earth...Ch. 4 - A fan is rotating at a constant 360.0 rev/min....Ch. 4 - A point located on the second hand of a large...Ch. 4 - Prob. 69PCh. 4 - Prob. 70PCh. 4 - Prob. 71PCh. 4 - Raindrops fall vertically at 43 m/s relative to...Ch. 4 - A seagull can fly at a velocity of 9.00 m/s in...Ch. 4 - A ship sets sail from Rotterdam, heading due north...Ch. 4 - A boat can be rowed at 8.0 km/h in still water....Ch. 4 - A small plane flies at 200 km/h in still air. If...Ch. 4 - A cyclist traveling southeast along a road at 15...Ch. 4 - A river is moving east at 4 m/s. A boat starts...Ch. 4 - A Formula One race car is traveling at 89.0 m/s...Ch. 4 - A particle travels m a circular orbit of radius 10...Ch. 4 - The driver of a car moving at 90.0km/h presses...Ch. 4 - A race car entering the curved part of the track...Ch. 4 - An elephant is located on Earth’s surface at a...Ch. 4 - A proton in a synchrotron is moving in a circle of...Ch. 4 - A propeller blade at rest starts to rotate from...Ch. 4 - A particle is executing circular motion with a...Ch. 4 - A particle’s centripetal acceleration is...Ch. 4 - A rod 3.0 m in length is rotating at 2.0 rev/s...Ch. 4 - Prob. 89APCh. 4 - Prob. 90APCh. 4 - Prob. 91APCh. 4 - A crossbow is aimed horizontally at a target 40 m...Ch. 4 - A long jumper can jump a distance of 8.0 m when he...Ch. 4 - On planet Arcon, the maximum horizontal range of a...Ch. 4 - A mountain biker encounters a jump on a race...Ch. 4 - Which has the greater centripetal acceleration, a...Ch. 4 - A geosynchronous satellite orbits Earth at a...Ch. 4 - Two speedboats are traveling at the same speed...Ch. 4 - World’s Longest Par 3. The tee of the world’s...Ch. 4 - When a field goal kicker kicks a football as hard...Ch. 4 - A truck is traveling east at 80 km/h. At an...
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