Chapter 4, Problem 51SE

The following crosstabulation shows household income by educational level of the head of household (Statistical Abstract of the United States, 2008).

	Household Income ($1000s)
Education Level	Under 25	25.0–49.9	50.0–47.9	75.0–99.9	100 or more	Total
Not H.S. Graduate	4207	3459	1389	539	367	9961
H.S. Graduate	4917	6850	5027	2637	2668	22,099
Some College	2807	5258	4678	3250	4074	20,067
Bachelor’s Degree	885	2094	2848	2581	5379	13,787
Beyond Bach. Deg.	290	829	1274	1241	4188	7822
Total	13,106	18,490	15,216	10,248	16,676	73,736

1. a. Develop a joint probability table.
2. b. What is the probability of a head of household not being a high school graduate?
3. c. What is the probability of a head of household having a bachelor’s degree or more education?
4. d. What is the probability of a household headed by someone with a bachelor’s degree earning $100,000 or more?
5. e. What is the probability of a household having income below $25,000?
6. f. What is the probability of a household headed by someone with a bachelor’s degree earning less than $25,000?
7. g. Is household income independent of educational level?