Chapter 4, Problem 4I.9E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of $\Delta {\text{S}}_{tot}$, $\Delta \text{S}$ and $\Delta {\text{S}}_{surr}$ for reversible and isothermal expansion of ideal gas has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The degree of randomness in a system is the measured in terms of entropy.  Higher the entropy greater will be the disorder in the system.  The mathematical expression for the calculation of entropy for an isothermal expansion in terms of initial and final volume is shown below.

$\Delta \text{S}=\text{nR}\text{ln}\left(\frac{{\text{V}}_2}{{\text{V}}_1}\right)$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of $\Delta {\text{S}}_{tot}$, $\Delta \text{S}$ and $\Delta {\text{S}}_{surr}$ for isothermal free expansion of ideal gas molecules has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Same as part (a).