Explanation The molar volume of naphthalene is calculated by the following formula. V m = Molar Mass Density It is given that the mass density of naphthalene at 95 ∘ C is 1.16 g cm 3 . The molar mass of naphthalene is 128 g mol -1 . Substitute the values of molar mass and density. V m = 128 g mol -1 1.16 g cm -3 = 110.34 cm -3 mol -1 Therefore, molar volume of water is 110.34 cm -3 mol -1 . The change in pressure is calculated by the following formula. Δ p = p 2 - p 1 (1) Where, • p 1 is the initial pressure. • p 2 is the final pressure. It is given that the vapour pressure of water at 1 bar pressure is 2.0 kPa . The conversion of kPa to Pa is done as, 1 kPa = 10 3 Pa Therefore, the conversion of 2.0 kPa in Pa is done as, 2.0 kPa = 2 .0 × 10 3 kPa Therefore, the pressure ( p 1 ) is 2.0 × 10 3 Pa . The conversion of MPa to Pa is done as, 1 MPa = 10 6 Pa Therefore, the conversion of 15 MPa to Pa is done as, 15 MPa = 15 × 10 6 Pa Therefore, the pressure ( p 2 ) is 15 × 10 6 Pa . Substitute the values of p 1 and p 2 in equation (1). Δ p = 15 × 10 6 Pa - 2.0 × 10 3 Pa = 15 × 10 6 Pa - 0.002 × 10 6 Pa = 14 .99 × 10 6 Pa The vapour pressure on molten naphthalene is calculated by the following formula. p ∗ = p e ( Δ p V m R T ) (2) Where, • Δ p is the change in pressure

The vapour pressure on molten naphthalene has to be calculated. Concept introduction: The vapour pressure of a liquid is the pressure exerted by the vapours on the surface of the liquid. As the temperature of the liquid increases, vapour pressure also increases. The increase in vapour pressure shows a non-linear change with the temperature.

ATKINS' PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

11th Edition

ISBN: 9780190053956

Author: ATKINS

Publisher: Oxford University Press

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Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4B.4BE

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The vapour pressure on molten naphthalene has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The vapour pressure of a liquid is the pressure exerted by the vapours on the surface of the liquid. As the temperature of the liquid increases, vapour pressure also increases. The increase in vapour pressure shows a non-linear change with the temperature.

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