Chapter 4, Problem 4.43P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A flowchart for the given process is to be drawn and labelled. The validation of the given statement that subsystem containing the point where the bypass stream splits off from the evaporator feed has one degree of freedom is to be stated. The degree of freedom analysis for the overall system, the evaporator, bypass-evaporator product and the mixing point is to be predicted. The equations to determine all unknown stream variable are to be shown. The variable in each equation is to be circled.

Concept introduction:

The evaporation is a process that aids in the conversion of a liquid into gas due to rise in temperature. The process of evaporation becomes faster with the increase in surface area because it permits the liquid molecules to acquire more heat. It results in the increase in kinetic energy of molecules, which aids to overcome of attractive forces between molecules of liquid.

In reverse osmosis, the solvent passes in the opposite direction to that of osmosis.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The amount of product produced per $100\text{kg}$ fresh juice fed to the process and the fraction of the feed that bypasses the evaporator are to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The evaporation is a process that aids in the conversion of a liquid into gas due to rise in temperature. The process of evaporation becomes faster with the increase in surface area because it permits the liquid molecules to acquire more heat. It results in the increase in kinetic energy of molecules, which aids to overcome of attractive forces between molecules of liquid.

In reverse osmosis, the solvent passes in the opposite direction to that of osmosis.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible drawbacks for the given proposal are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The evaporation is a process that aids in the conversion of a liquid into gas due to rise in temperature. The process of evaporation becomes faster with the increase in surface area because it permits the liquid molecules to acquire more heat. It results in the increase in kinetic energy of molecules, which aids to overcome of attractive forces between molecules of liquid.

In reverse osmosis, the solvent passes in the opposite direction to that of osmosis.