Concept explainers
A spring cannon is located at the edge of a table that is 1.20 m above the floor. A steel ball is launched from the cannon with speed vi at 35.0° above the horizontal. (a) Find the horizontal position of the ball as a function of vi at the instant it lands on the floor. We write this function as x(vi). Evaluate x for (b) vi = 0.100 m/s and for (c) vi = 100 m/s. (d) Assume vi is close to but not equal to zero. Show that one term in the answer to part (a) dominates so that the function x(vi) reduces to a simpler form. (c) If vi is very large, what is the approximate form of x(v)? (f) Describe the overall shape of the graph of the function x(vi).
(a)
The ball’s horizontal position as a function of
Answer to Problem 43AP
The horizontal position of the ball as a function of
Explanation of Solution
The location of the spring cannon is
Write the formula to calculate the vertical distance covered by the ball
Here,
Write the formula to vertical component of the velocity
Here,
Substitute
Substitute
Solve the equation (II).
Write the formula to calculate the horizontal distance covered by the ball
Here,
Write the expression for the horizontal component of the velocity
Substitute
Conclusion:
Substitute
Therefore, the horizontal position of the ball as a function of
(b)
The horizontal position of the ball with
Answer to Problem 43AP
The horizontal position the ball with
Explanation of Solution
From equation (IV),
Substitute
Conclusion:
Therefore, the horizontal position the ball as
(c)
The horizontal position of the ball with
Answer to Problem 43AP
The horizontal position the ball with
Explanation of Solution
From equation (IV),
Conclusion:
Substitute
Therefore, the horizontal position the ball as
(d)
The horizontal position of the ball as a function of
Answer to Problem 43AP
The horizontal position of the ball as a function of
Explanation of Solution
The located at the spring cannon is
From equation (IV),
The value of
Conclusion:
Substitute
Therefore, the horizontal position of the ball as a function of
(e)
The horizontal position of the ball as a function of
Answer to Problem 43AP
The horizontal position of the ball as a function of
Explanation of Solution
The located at the spring cannon is
From equation (4),
Conclusion:
The term is
Therefore, the horizontal position of the ball as a function of
(f)
The overall shape of the graph of position as a function of velocity.
Answer to Problem 43AP
The starting condition graph
Explanation of Solution
From the approximation in part (d), it follows that the position curve is a straight line with slope
Conclusion:
Therefore, the starting condition graph
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
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