Chapter 4, Problem 4.3AP

(a)

To determine

Adjusting entries:

Adjusting entries refers to the entries that are made at the end of an accounting period in accordance with revenue recognition principle, and expenses recognition principle.  The purpose of adjusting entries is to adjust the revenue, and the expenses during the period in which they actually occurs.

Rules of Debit and Credit:

Following rules are followed for debiting and crediting different accounts while they occur in business transactions:

• Debit, all increase in assets, expenses and dividends, all decrease in liabilities, revenues and stockholders’ equities.
• Credit, all increase in liabilities, revenues, and stockholders’ equities, all decrease in assets, expenses.

T-account:

T-account refers to an individual account, where the increasesor decreases in the value of specific asset, liability, stockholder’s equity, revenue, and expenditure items are recorded.

This account is referred to as the T-account, because the alignment of the components of the account resembles the capital letter ‘T’.’ An account consists of the three main components which are as follows:

1. (a) The title of the account
2. (b) The left or debit side
3. (c) The right or credit side

Adjusted trial balance:

Adjusted trial balance is a summary of all the ledger accounts, and it contains the balances of all the accounts after the adjustment entries are journalized, and posted.

Income statement:

This is the financial statement of a company which shows all the revenues earned and expenses incurred by the company over a period of time.

Statement of retained earnings:

This is an equity statement which shows the changes in the stockholders’ equity over a period of time.

Classified balance sheet:

This is the financial statement of a company which shows the grouping of similar assets and liabilities under subheadings.

To prepare: The adjusting journal entries in the book of Hotel S at May 31, 2014.

(b)

To determine

To post:  the transaction to T-accounts of Hotel S on May 31, 2014.

(c)

To determine

To prepare:  The adjusted trial balance of Hotel S on May 31, 2014.

(d)

To determine

To prepare: The income statement, statement of retained earnings, and classified balance sheet of Hotel S.

(e)

To determine

To identify: The accounts would be closed at the end of the May month.