One way to analyze a sports drink for the concentration of chloride ions is to add silver ions and weigh the resulting AgCl precipitate. One problem with the analysis is that many sports drinks contain phosphate ion ( PO 4 3 − ) , which will also precipitate with silver, thus interfering with the chloride measurement. The phosphate ion can be removed by precipitation prior to the analysis of chloride. (a) Use the solubility guidelines (Table 4.2) to choose a cation from the list below that would form a precipitate with phosphate but not with chloride. K + , Ba 2 + , Pb 2 + , NH 4 + (b) Write the net ionic reaction for the precipitation reaction from part (a).
One way to analyze a sports drink for the concentration of chloride ions is to add silver ions and weigh the resulting AgCl precipitate. One problem with the analysis is that many sports drinks contain phosphate ion ( PO 4 3 − ) , which will also precipitate with silver, thus interfering with the chloride measurement. The phosphate ion can be removed by precipitation prior to the analysis of chloride. (a) Use the solubility guidelines (Table 4.2) to choose a cation from the list below that would form a precipitate with phosphate but not with chloride. K + , Ba 2 + , Pb 2 + , NH 4 + (b) Write the net ionic reaction for the precipitation reaction from part (a).
Solution Summary: The author explains that the solubility of compounds plays an important role in determining the ion that precipitates with phosphate but not with chloride.
One way to analyze a sports drink for the concentration of chloride ions is to add silver ions and weigh the resulting AgCl precipitate. One problem with the analysis is that many sports drinks contain phosphate ion
(
PO
4
3
−
)
, which will also precipitate with silver, thus interfering with the chloride measurement. The phosphate ion can be removed by precipitation prior to the analysis of chloride. (a) Use the solubility guidelines (Table 4.2) to choose a cation from the list below that would form a precipitate with phosphate but not with chloride.
K
+
,
Ba
2
+
,
Pb
2
+
,
NH
4
+
(b) Write the net ionic reaction for the precipitation reaction from part (a).
Complete the following table. The only density needed is already given. Show your
calculations in a neat and easy-to-follow manner in the space below the table. All units
should be included and significant figures should be given close attention. Be sure to notice
that the amount of material should be in millimoles rather than moles, and the theoretical
mass of the product should in milligrams rather than grams.
LOCH 3
+
H2SO4
HNO 3
O=C-OCH 3
NO2
x
H₂O
F.W.
4.0 mL 1.3 M
amount
0.50 mL
in H2SO4
mg Theoretical
Theoretical
mmoles
density
1.09
Kumada Coupling:
1. m-Diisobutylbenzene below could hypothetically be synthesized by Friedel-Crafts reaction. Write out the reaction with a
mechanism and give two reasons why you would NOT get the desired product.
Draw the reaction (NOT a mechanism) for a Kumada coupling to produce the molecule above from m-dichlorobenzene.
Calculate the theoretical yield for the reaction in question 2 using 1.5 g of p-dichlorobenzene and 3.0 mL isobutyl bromide.
What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What
other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?
Wintergreen from Aspirin:
1. In isolating the salicylic acid, why is it important to press out as much of the water as possible?
2. Write the mechanism of the esterification reaction you did.
3.
What characteristic absorption band changes would you expect in the IR spectrum on going from aspirin to salicyclic acid and
then to methyl salicylate as you did in the experiment today? Give approximate wavenumbers associated with each functional
group change.
What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What
other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?
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Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell
Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell