Chapter 4, Problem 42QAP

Complete the following table.

Name	Symbol	Atomic Number	Mass Number	Number of Neutrons
	${}_8^{17}\text{O}$
		8		9
iron		10	20
	${}_{80}^{244}\text{Pu}$		56
	${}_{80}^{202}\text{Hg}$
cobalt			59
			56
	${}_9^{19}\text{F}$	28
chromium				26

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To determine, missing atomic number, symbol and name in the given table.

Concept Introduction:

Mass number is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons.

Atomic number of any element indicates number of protons or number of electrons in the given atom.

Answer to Problem 42QAP

The complete table is as follows:

Name	symbol	Atomic number	Mass number	Number of neutrons
Oxygen	$\text{O}$	8	17	9
Oxygen	$\text{O}$	8	17	9
Neon	$\text{N}\text{e}$	10	20	10
Iron	$\text{F}\text{e}$	26	56	30
Plutonium	$\text{P}\text{u}$	94	244	150
Cobalt	$\text{C}\text{o}$	27	59	32
Nickel	$\text{N}\text{i}$	28	56	28
Fluorine	$\text{F}$	9	19	10
Chromium	$\text{C}\text{r}$	24	50	26

Explanation of Solution

The atomic symbol notation is as follows:

${\text{Atomic Symbol}}^{\text{Charge},+/-}$

Here A = mass number which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons, Z = atomic number of any element which is also indicates Number of protons or number of electron in the given atom

The complete table is as follows:

Name	symbol	Atomic number	Mass number	Number of neutrons
Oxygen	$\text{O}$	8	17	$17-8=9$
Oxygen	$\text{O}$	8	$17=8+9$	9
Neon	$\text{N}\text{e}$	10	20	$20-10=10$
Iron	$\text{F}\text{e}$	26	56	$56-26=30$
Plutonium	$\text{P}\text{u}$	94	244	$244-94=150$
Cobalt	$\text{C}\text{o}$	27	59	$59-27=32$
Nickel	$\text{N}\text{i}$	28	56	$56-28=28$
Fluorine	$\text{F}$	9	19	$19-9=10$
Chromium	$\text{C}\text{r}$	24	$24+26=50$	26

In the given formulas, A = mass number and Z = atomic number of any element.

Oxygen:

The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in a neural atom.

The atomic number of this atom is 8, (oxygen) because atomic number of any element is equal to the number of protons in the given atom or ion.

And mass number is 17 which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons. Thus, number of neutrons = 9

The atomic symbol for this atom of oxygen is: $\text{O}$

Neon:

The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in a neural atom.

The atomic number of this atom is 10, (neon) because atomic number of any element is equal to the number of protons in the given atom or ion.

And mass number is 20 which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons. Thus, number of neutrons = 10

The atomic symbol for this atom is: $\text{N}\text{e}$

Iron:

The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in a neural atom.

The atomic number of this atom is 26, (iron) because atomic number of any element is equal to the number of protons in the given atom or ion.

And mass number is 56 which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons. Thus, number of neutrons = 30

The atomic symbol for this atom is: $\text{F}\text{e}$

Plutonium:

The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in a neural atom.

The atomic number of this atom is 94, (plutonium) because atomic number of any element is equal to the number of protons in the given atom or ion.

And mass number is 244 which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons. Thus, number of neutrons = 150

The atomic symbol for this atom is: $\text{P}\text{u}$

Cobalt:

The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in a neural atom.

The atomic number of this atom is 27, (cobalt) because atomic number of any element is equal to the number of protons in the given atom or ion.

And mass number is 59 which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons. Thus, number of neutrons = 32

The atomic symbol for this atom is: $\text{C}\text{o}$

Nickel:

The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in a neural atom.

The atomic number of this atom is 28, (nickel) because atomic number of any element is equal to the number of protons in the given atom or ion.

And mass number is 56 which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons.

Thus, number of neutrons = 28

The atomic symbol for this atom is: $\text{N}\text{i}$

Fluorine:

The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in a neural atom.

The atomic number of this atom is 9, (fluorine) because atomic number of any element is equal to the number of protons in the given atom or ion.

And mass number is 19 which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons. Thus, number of neutrons = 10

The atomic symbol for this atom is: $\text{F}$

Chromium:

The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in a neural atom.

The atomic number of this atom is 24, (chromium) because atomic number of any element is equal to the number of protons in the given atom or ion.

And mass number is 54 which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons. Thus, number of neutrons = 26

The atomic symbol for this atom is: $\text{C}\text{r}$.

Conclusion

The complete table is as follows:

Name	symbol	Atomic number	Mass number	Number of neutrons
Oxygen	$\text{O}$	8	17	9
Oxygen	$\text{O}$	8	17	9
Neon	$\text{N}\text{e}$	10	20	10
Iron	$\text{F}\text{e}$	26	56	30
Plutonium	$\text{P}\text{u}$	94	244	150
Cobalt	$\text{C}\text{o}$	27	59	32
Nickel	$\text{N}\text{i}$	28	56	28
Fluorine	$\text{F}$	9	19	10
Chromium	$\text{C}\text{r}$	24	50	26