The standard molar entropies of water ice, liquid, and vapour at 298 K are 37.99, 69.91 and 188.83 J K − 1 m o l − 1 respectively. On a single graph, it has to be shown that how the Gibbs energies of each of these phases vary with temperature. Concept introduction: The Gibbs free energy or the free energy change is a thermodynamic quantity represented by Δ G . Molal Gibbs free energy can be determined using the following formulas as show below, Δ G = R T ln V 1 V 2 W h e r e , Δ G : C h a n g e i n G i b b s f r e e e n e r g y R : G a s c o n s tan t T : T e m p e r a t u r e V 1 : I n i t i a l v o l u m e V 2 : F i n a l v o l u m e Δ G = Δ H − T Δ S w h e r e , Δ H : E n t h a l p y c h a n g e T : T e m p e r a t u r e Δ S : C h a n g e i n e n t r o p y For an isomermal reaction enthalpy change is zero, thus this equation can be written as, Δ G = − T Δ S = − T ( C P ln T 2 T 1 − R ln P 2 P 1 ) = − T ( 0 − R ln P 2 P 1 )

Question

3) Determine if the pairs are constitutional isomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, or mesocompounds. (4 points)

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.2P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The standard molar entropies of water ice, liquid, and vapour at 298 K are 37.99, 69.91 and 188.83 J K−1 mol−1 respectively. On a single graph, it has to be shown that how the Gibbs energies of each of these phases vary with temperature.

Concept introduction:

The Gibbs free energy or the free energy change is a thermodynamic quantity represented by ΔG.

Molal Gibbs free energy can be determined using the following formulas as show below,

ΔG = RT ln V1V2 Where,ΔG : Change in Gibbs free energyR : Gas constantT : TemperatureV1 : Initial volumeV2 : Final volume

ΔG = ΔH−TΔS where,ΔH : Enthalpy changeT : TemperatureΔS : Change in entropy

For an isomermal reaction enthalpy change is zero, thus this equation can be written as,

ΔG = − TΔS= −T(CP ln T2T1−Rln P2P1)= −T(0−Rln P2P1)

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Students have asked these similar questions

3) Determine if the pairs are constitutional isomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, or mesocompounds. (4 points)

In the decomposition reaction in solution B → C, only species C absorbs UV radiation, but neither B nor the solvent absorbs. If we call At the absorbance measured at any time, A0 the absorbance at the beginning of the reaction, and A∞ the absorbance at the end of the reaction, which of the expressions is valid? We assume that Beer's law is fulfilled.

> You are trying to decide if there is a single reagent you can add that will make the following synthesis possible without any other major side products: 1. ☑ CI 2. H3O+ O Draw the missing reagent X you think will make this synthesis work in the drawing area below. If there is no reagent that will make your desired product in good yield or without complications, just check the box under the drawing area and leave it blank. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Explanation Check ? DO 18 Ar B © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibility