Hazard: When a problem occurs at the instructional pipeline of the CPU it is called as hazard. When an instruction contains hazard, it may result with wrong computational answers during the execution of the instruction. There are three types of hazard namely structural, data and control. The two ways to deal with the hazard is removal and stall. Removal is a process where the hardware or complexity is added to remove the hazards present. By passing and forwarding. Speculation. When the performance is sacrificed to prevent the hazard that is going to happen is called as stalling. Data dependency: Data dependency occurs when the data that is produced by another instruction is required to process another instruction. Data dependency is of three types they are: RAW(Read After Write): The instruction that is present later reads an operand before the instruction that is present at earlier instruction being read. WAW(Write After Write): The instruction that is present later writes to an operand before the instruction that is present at earlier instruction being written. WAR(Write After Read): The instruction that is present later writes to an operand before the instruction that is present at earlier instruction being read.

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Chapter 4, Problem 4.12.2E

Program Plan Intro

Hazard:

When a problem occurs at the instructional pipeline of the CPU it is called as hazard.

When an instruction contains hazard, it may result with wrong computational answers during the execution of the instruction.

There are three types of hazard namely structural, data and control.

The two ways to deal with the hazard is removal and stall.

Removal is a process where the hardware or complexity is added to remove the hazards present.

By passing and forwarding.

Speculation.

When the performance is sacrificed to prevent the hazard that is going to happen is called as stalling.

Data dependency:

Data dependency occurs when the data that is produced by another instruction is required to process another instruction.

Data dependency is of three types they are:

RAW(Read After Write):

The instruction that is present later reads an operand before the instruction that is present at earlier instruction being read.

WAW(Write After Write):

The instruction that is present later writes to an operand before the instruction that is present at earlier instruction being written.

WAR(Write After Read):

The instruction that is present later writes to an operand before the instruction that is present at earlier instruction being read.

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