Integrated Science
Integrated Science
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780077862602
Author: Tillery, Bill W.
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill,
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Chapter 4, Problem 19CQ
To determine

The assumptions that form the basis of the “heat death of the universe” idea.

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Describe one or two practical examples of the laws of thermodynamics in your own life. Do they help explain why you can recycle cans and bottles but not energy? Which law is responsible for the fact that you get hot and sweaty when you exercise?
2. As an example of microscopic thermodynamic analysis based on thermal-energy microstates, the figure to the right illustrates two systems (A and B), each containing two indistinguishable particles and possible energy levels from 1 to 8, with a particle residing in a given energy level having the same amount of energy as the level (e.g., a particle in energy-level 4 has 4 units of energy). The combined systems have a fixed total of 12 units of energy. Assuming that energy can be exchanged between the two systems, calculate the difference in entropy between condition #1 where the left-hand side has 8 units of energy and the right-hand side has 4 units of energy compared to condition #2 when the two sides reach their equilibrium condition. Note that the figure just shows one example of a configuration for condition #1. 8. 8 7 7 5 4 4 3 2 2 1 1
22. When an inflated balloon experiences a decrease in size, the airpressure inside the balloon remains nearly constant. If there is no transferof energy by heat to or from the balloon, what physical change takesplace in the balloon? a)The average potential energy of the gas particles increases, so the balloon becomeshotter. b)The average potential energy of the gas particles decreases, so the balloon becomescolder c)The average kinetic energy of the gas particles increases, so the balloon becomeshotter.  d)The average kinetic energy of the gas particles decreases, so the balloon becomescolder.
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The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Heat Flow, Entropy, and Microstates; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MrwW4w2nAMc;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY