Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399920
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 15RQ
Assume the night is clear and the Moon’s phase is full so you can see it all night long. Why would you expect the Moon to show parallax during the night? How would you measure it?
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A solar eclipse is only visible over a narrow strip on the Earth's surface. This is most closely associated with:
Select one alternative:
The ways in which our view of the sky depends on latitude.
The combination of the Earth's rotation on its axis and its movement around the sun.
The elliptical nature of the moon's orbit.
The perspective dependence associated with parallax.
Solar eclipses are actually visible to everyone on the daylight side of the earth.
Question A1
Use a diagram to explain what is meant by the parallax angle, p, for a star observed twice from
Earth, with a 6-month interval between each observation. Hence define the parsec, and calculate
its value in astronomical units and metres. The star Betelgeuse is observed to have a parallax
angle p = 4.5 x 10-³ arcseconds. State the distance of Betelgeuse in units of parsecs and light
years.
According to the equation d=1/p, a star whose parallax angle is 1/50” is how far away?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 4 - Prob. 1RQCh. 4 - Why did early human cultures observe astronomical...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3RQCh. 4 - Name one example each of a famous politician,...Ch. 4 - Why did Plato propose that all heavenly motion was...Ch. 4 - On what did Plato base his knowledge? Was it...Ch. 4 - Which two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional...Ch. 4 - Are the spheres of Eudoxus a scientific model? If...Ch. 4 - In Ptolemys model, how do the epicycles of Mercury...Ch. 4 - Describe in detail the motions of the planets...
Ch. 4 - In Ptolemys model, which of the followingepicycle,...Ch. 4 - Why did Copernicus have to keep small epicycles in...Ch. 4 - Was the belief held by ancient astronomers that...Ch. 4 - When Tycho observed the new star of 1572, he could...Ch. 4 - Assume the night is clear and the Moons phase is...Ch. 4 - Does Tychos model of the Universe explain the...Ch. 4 - Name an empirical law. Why is it considered...Ch. 4 - How does Keplers first law of planetary motion...Ch. 4 - When Mercury is at aphelion (farthest from the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 20RQCh. 4 - What is P for Earth? What is a for Earth? Do these...Ch. 4 - Based Figure 4-13c, do planets with larger a take...Ch. 4 - How did the Alfonsine Tables, the Prutenic Tables,...Ch. 4 - Explain how each of Galileos telescopic...Ch. 4 - How did discovery of the Galilean moons disprove...Ch. 4 - Prob. 26RQCh. 4 - How Do We Know? Describe the differences between a...Ch. 4 - Draw and label a diagram of the western horizon...Ch. 4 - If you lived on Mars, which planets would exhibit...Ch. 4 - How long does it take for one retrograde cycle of...Ch. 4 - If a planet has an average distance from the Sun...Ch. 4 - If a space probe is sent into an orbit around the...Ch. 4 - Uranus orbits the Sun with a period of 84.0 years....Ch. 4 - An object takes 29.5 years to orbit the Sun. What...Ch. 4 - One planet is three times farther from the Sun...Ch. 4 - Galileos telescope showed him that Venus has a...Ch. 4 - Which is the phase of Venus when it is closest?...Ch. 4 - Galileos telescopes were not of high quality by...Ch. 4 - Arrange the following in order of increasing...Ch. 4 - Arrange the following in order of increasing...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 4 - Study Figures 4-11 and 4-16 and describe the...Ch. 4 - What three astronomical objects are represented...Ch. 4 - Use the figure below to explain how the Ptolemaic...
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- The Sun is much closer to Earth than are the nearest stars, yet it is not possible to measure accurately the diurnal parallax of the Sun relative to the stars by measuring its position relative to background objects in the sky directly. Explain why.arrow_forwardWhich has the larger angular diameter in the skythe Sun or Moonduring an annular eclipse? If you wanted to be in the umbra, where would you have to physically be located to see this annular eclipse as a total solar eclipse?arrow_forwardIf we view a star now, and then view it again 6 months later, our position will have changed by the diameter of the Earth's orbit around the sun. For nearby stars (within 100 light-years or so), the change in viewing location is sufficient to make the star appear to be in a slightly different location in the sky. Half of the angle from one location to the next is known as the parallax angle (see figure). Parallax can be used to measure the distance to the star. An approximate relationship is given by d = 3.26 p , where d is the distance in light-years, and p is the parallax measured in seconds of arc. Vega is a star that has a parallax angle of 0.13 second. How far is Vega from the sun? Note: Parallax is used not only to measure stellar distances. Our binocular vision actually provides the brain with a parallax angle that it uses to estimate distances to objects we see. (Round your answer to two decimal places.) light-yearsarrow_forward
- Explain well, do both a and b part ( asap)arrow_forwardIn a part of Earth’s orbit where Earth is moving faster than usual around the Sun, would the length of the solar day change? If so, how? Explain.arrow_forwardThe secret recipe to the ever-popular veggie burgers in the college cafeteria is hidden in a drawer in the director’s office. Two students decide to break in to get their hands on it, but they want to do it a few hours before dawn on a night when there is no Moon, so they are less likely to be caught. What phases of the Moon would suit their plans?arrow_forward
- This photo shows the annular eclipse of May 30, 1984. How is it different from the annular eclipse shown in Figure 3-10c? Figure 310 (a) Because the angular diameter of the Moon and the Sun vary slightly, the disk of the Moon is sometimes too small to cover the disk of the Sun. (b) That means the umbra of the Moon does not reach Earth, and the eclipse is annular, meaning a ring ("annulus") of the Sun's disk can be seen around the Moon. (c) In this photograph of an annular eclipse in 1994, the dark disk of the Moon is almost exactly centered on the bright disk of the Sun.arrow_forwardWhat is an asterism? Can you name an example?arrow_forwardHow many degrees does the Sun move per day relative to the fixed stars? How many days does it take for the Sun to return to its original location relative to the fixed stars?arrow_forward
- Ursa Minor contains the pole star, Polaris, and the asterism known as the Little Dipper. From most locations in the Northern Hemisphere, all of the stars in Ursa Minor are circumpolar. Does that mean these stars are also above the horizon during the day? Explain.arrow_forwardDescribe what an observer at the crater Copernicus would see while the Moon is eclipsed on Earth. What would the same observer see during what would be a total solar eclipse as viewed from Earth?arrow_forwardWhat is the value of Tan thetaarrow_forward
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